54 VENOMOUS SNAKES AND THE PHENOMENA OF THEIR VENOMS 



List showing the Geographical Distribution of Venomous Snakes. 



ASIA. 



colubrid^. 

 Opisthoglypha. 

 Dipsadomorphince. 



Dipsadomorphus trigonatus. 

 cyaneus. 

 kraepelini. 

 Coelopeltis monspessulana. 

 Psammodynastes pulverulentus. 

 ElachistodontincB. 



Elachistodon westermanni. 

 Homalopsince. 



Homalopsis buccata. 



Cerberus rhynchops s. Hurria rhyn- 



chops. 

 Hypsirhina plumbea s. Enhydris 

 plumbea. 

 Proteroglypha. 

 ElapincB. 



Naja tripudians compris- 

 ing varieties N. tripudi- 

 ans typica, N. tripudians India, 

 caeca, N. tripudians Ceylon, 

 fasciata, N. tripudians Burma, 

 sputatrix, N. tripudians China, 

 leucodira, N. tripudians Dutch 

 miolepis. India, 



Naja samarensis. Philip- 



Naja bungarus s. Ophio- pines, 

 phagus elaps s. Hama- 

 dryas (king cobra). 



Bungarus fasciatus 

 (banded krait). 



Bungarus candidus var. 

 caeruleus and multicinc- 

 tus (common krait). 



Bungarus ceylonicus. 

 lividus. 



Hemibungarus colligaster. 

 coUaris. 

 nigrescens. 

 japonicus. 

 boettgeri. 



Callophis gracilis. 



trimaculatus. 



maculiceps. 



macclellandii. 



bibronii. 



univirgatus. 



Doliophis bivirgatus. 

 intestinalis. 

 bilineatus. 

 phiiippinus. 



India, 

 Ceylon, 

 Burma, 

 Indo- 

 china, 

 southern 

 China, 

 Dutch 

 India, 

 Borneo. 



Southeast- 

 em Asia, 

 India, 

 Japan, 

 Philip- 

 pines. 



Burma, 

 Indo- 

 china, 

 Formosa, 

 southern 

 China. 



1 Indo- 



[ China, 

 Malay Pe- 

 ninsula. 



HydrophiincB. 

 Distira ornata. 



subcincta. 



cyanocincta. 



jerdonii. 



Gulf of Persia, 

 Indian Ocean, 

 Gulf of Bengal, 

 Strait of Malacca, 

 Sea of China, 



ASIA. — (Continued.) 



colubrid.^. 



Proteroglypha. 

 HydrophiincB. 



Acalyptus peronii. 



Philippines, 



Malay 



Archipelago. 



Hydrophis obscurus. 

 spiralis, 

 caerulescens. 

 nigrocinctus. 

 elegans. 

 gracilis, 

 cantoris, 

 fasciatus. 

 leptodira. 

 Enhydrina valakadien s. 



bengalensis. 

 Hydrus platurus s. Pela- 



mis bicolor. 

 Thalassophis anomalus 

 Enhydris curtus. 



hardwickii. 

 Platurus laticaudatus s. 

 fischeri. 

 colubrinus. 

 muelleri. 

 Hydrelaps darwiniensis 

 Aipysurus eydouxii. 

 annulatus. 

 Isevis. 



Tropical 

 and sub- 

 tropical 

 parts of 

 Indian and 

 Pacific 

 Oceans. 



Viperid^. 

 Proteroglypha (Soleno- 

 glypha). 

 ViperincB. 

 Vipera berus s. Pelias 

 berus. 

 renardii. 

 raddii. 

 lebetina. 

 russellii s. V. ele- 

 gans s. Daboia. 



Turkestan, 



Ural Mts., 



Siberia, 



Caucasus, 



Persia, 



Armenia, 



western 



China, India, 



Ceylon, 



Himalayas. 



Pseudocerastes persicus Persia. 



Cerastes comutus .... Arabia, Palestine. 



Echis carinatus s. 

 Phoorsa. 



CrotalincB. 



Arabia, 

 Persia, India, 

 Beluchistan, 

 Afghanistan. 



Ancistrodon halys. 



intermedius. 



blomhoffii. 

 Ancistrodon blomhofl&i bre- 

 vicaudus. 



himalayanus. 



acutus. 



rhodostoma. 



hypnale. 



Trans- 

 Caspia, 

 Turkes- 

 tan, 

 Hima- 

 layas, 

 southern 

 China, 

 Formosa, 

 Japan, 

 Ceylon, 

 Java. 



