40 VENOMOUS SNAKES AND THE PHENOMENA OF THEIR VENOMS 



Lachesis strigatus. 



Length 1.5 feet. Vicinity of Bombay, Deccan, Anamallays, and Nilgherries. 



II. Scales in 27 to 37 rows; 174 to 231 ventrals; 54 to 90 sub- 



caudals; tail non-prehensile. 



Lachesis flavoviridis. "Habu." (Plate 18, a, b.) 



Trimeresurus riukiuanus Hilgendorff. 



Trimeresurus flavoviridis Boulenger; later, Lachesis flavoviridis Boulenger. 



Bothrops flavoviridis HaUowell. 



Scales in 33 to 37 rows; 222 to 231 ventrals; 75 to 90 pairs subcaudals; 8 to 9 

 supralabials. Coloration pale brown or yellowish-green on the back with black 

 marblings; the head has the longitudinal black streaks disposed symmetrically; 

 belly yellow or greenish with darker speckles. Length about 4 feet. 



This snake is much dreaded by the natives and occasions many fatalities every 

 year. Oshima and Okinawa subgroups of the Riu Kiu Islands, Japan. 



Lachesis cantoris. 



Color pale brown to greenish with small black speckles; side whitish; belly white 

 or greenish. Length about 3 feet. Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 



III. Scales in 21 to 27 rows; 160 to 218 ventrals; 54 to 92 sub- 



caudals; the tail is slightly or not at all prehensile. 

 Lachesis jerdonii. 



General coloration greenish-yellow with some black markings. Length about 3 

 feet. Habitat, Assam, Tibet, Yang-tse. 



Lachesis mucrosqtiamatus. 



Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus Giinther. 

 Trigonocephalus mucrosquamatus Cantor. 

 Not Lachesis mucrosquamatus Wall. 



General coloration brownish or gray, with blackish speckles. Length about 



3.25 feet. Formosa. 



Lachesis luteus. 



Trimeresurus elegans Gray. 



Very much like the foregoing species, but this has somewhat keeled temporal scales. 

 It lives in the crevices of stone walls, or in hollow trees, etc. It is more sluggish 

 than the L. flavoviridis. Length about 3 feet. Yaeyama Islands, Riu Kiu, Japan. 



Lachesis purpureomaculatus. 



Color, back purplish-black, sometimes variegated with pale green; sides pale 

 green; belly olive or whitish-green, uniform or with black spots. Some specimens 

 are completely green. Length about 3 feet. Himalaya, Burma, Malay Peninsula, 

 Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Pinang, Sumatra, India. 



IV. Scales in 21 (occasionally 19 or 23) rows; 7 to 13 series of 

 scales between supraoculars; tail more or less prehensile. 



Lachesis gramineus. " Green pit- viper." (Plate 17, c.) 

 Trimeresurus gramineus. 



Snout more or less prominent. Color bright green, seldom olive or yellowish, 

 with deeper crossbands; end of tail yellow or red; belly green, yellow, or white. 

 Length about 2.8 feet. Southeastern Asia, Darjeeling, Himalaya, delta of Ganges, 

 Siam, South China, Hong Kong, Formosa, Java, Sumatra, Timor. 

 Lachesis flavomaculatus. (Plate 17, b.) 



Snout is prominent and obliquely truncated. Color bright green or olive, some- 

 times with reddish-brown bars; belly green, olive, or yellowish-green; end of tail 

 usually red. Length about 2-~ feet. The Philippine Islands. 



