200 



VENOMOUS SNAKES AND THE PHENOMENA OF THEIR VENOMS 



Table 13. 



[Experiment I: Dog's Organs.] 



Cells and 

 duration. 



Liver, 

 3 hours. 



Kidney, 

 3 hours. 



Testis, 

 3 hours. 



Control. 



Contains separated and 

 united liver cells; few 

 free granules and cre- 

 nated red corpuscles. 



Cells much broken; few 

 complete cells; many 

 free nuclei and gran- 

 ules. Some complete 

 tubules and glomeruli. 



Testicular cells and sper- 

 matozoa well pre- 

 served; few free gran- 

 ules. 



I per cent daboia venom. 



Marked agglutination and clearing of fluid; 

 complete disappearance of cell outlines 

 and forms. Only ground substance con- 

 taining numerous refractive granules re- 

 mains. No nuclei visible. 



Marked agglutination and clarification of 

 emulsion; no complete cells visible; ground 

 substance granular. Glomerular blood 

 dissolved and cells cleared; nuclei of capil- 

 laries distinct. 



Marked agglutination; complete disappear- 

 ance of cell-bodies; occasional sperma- 

 tozoa and refractive granules remain. 

 Agglutination masses show no preserved 

 cells. 



I per cent crotalus venom. 



Slight agglutination; no solution 

 of cells, but only swelling with 

 indistinctness of cell outlines. 

 Nuclei invisible. 



Slight agglutination; granules 

 partly dissolved; individual 

 cells visible; glomerular blood 

 dissolved; capillary walls and 

 nuclei distinct. 



Slight agglutination; complete 

 disintegration of testicular 

 cells; large numbers of free 

 nuclei visible; spermatozoa 

 little altered. 



[Experiment II: Guinea-pig's Organs.] 



Liver, 

 3 hours. 



Kidney, 

 3 hours. 



Testis, 

 3 hours. 



Cells chiefly in smaller 

 and larger groups; nu- 

 clei obscured; many 

 granules and crenated 

 red corpuscles. 



Cells much broken up; 

 many free granules and 

 nuclei; some red cor- 

 puscles and glomeruli. 



Testicular cells perfectly 

 preserved; numerous 

 preserved spermatozoa; 

 very few free granules. 



Marked agglutination; clearing of fluid; cell 

 protoplasm clear; nuclei distinct. Ground 

 substance in which cell outlines are indis- 

 tinctly visible show granules and fat. 



Marked agglutination and clearing. Nearly 

 complete disappearance of cells and gran- 

 ules; indistinct free nuclei; glomerular 

 blood, capillary walls and nuclei distinct. 



Marked agglutination; emulsion cleared. 

 Loss of cell outlines and nuclei. Sperma- 

 tozoa little altered, but entangled in clear 

 ground substance. 



Slight agglutination. Only swell- 

 ing of cells; otherwise un- 

 altered. 



Slight agglutination; swelling of 

 cell protoplasm and imper- 

 fect solution of granules; nu- 

 clei indistinct. 



Very slight agglutination; cells 

 have lost refraction; are finely 

 granular and present eroded 

 appearance; spermatozoa 

 swollen; many free granules. 



[Experiment III: Rabbit's Organs.] 



Liver, Very few free cells; many 

 3 hours. small groups of cells; 



many red corpuscles. 



Kidney, Many complete cells and 

 3 hours. tubules; numerous free 



granules and red cor- 

 puscles. 



Marked agglutination and clearing; cell 

 clumps show very indistinct outlines; nu- 

 merous granules; occasional visible nuclei 

 in cells. 



Marked agglutination; almost complete dis- 

 appearance of all cells; few granules re- 

 main; nuclei invisible. Whole tubules 

 very indistinct. 



Slight agglutination; cells co- 

 alesced, but outlines can still 

 be made out; no solution of 

 granules; nuclei invisible. 



Moderate agglutination; al- 

 most no solution, but gran- 

 ules remain. Cells swollen 

 and granular; nuclei more or 

 less visible. 



[Experiment IV: Rat's Organs.] 



Liver, Cells in small groups; 

 3 hours. many disintegrated 



cells; free granules, nu- 

 clei and red corpuscles. 

 Kidney, Individual cells and al- 

 3 hours. most complete tubules; 



few free granules and 

 red corpuscles. 

 Testis, Cells well preserved; nu- 

 3 hours. merous spermatozoa; 



few free granules. 



Agglutination; emulsion clear; cells coa- 

 lesced; outlines gone; granules largely dis- 

 solved; nuclei indistinct, but in part free. 



Marked agglutination; almost complete dis- 

 appearance of cells. Complete tubules 

 show indistinctness of outlines and solu- 

 tion of cell granules. Glomeruli cleared. 



Marked agglutination; almost complete dis- 

 appearance of cells; ground substance 

 contains large numbers of twisted sper- 

 matozoa. 



Slight agglutination; swelling of 

 cells; few outlines remain; 

 granules remain; nuclei in- 

 visible. 



Slight agglutination; cells swol- 

 len, but no solution; gran- 

 ules remain; cells appear 

 eroded. 



Marked agglutination; cells 

 granular and eroded, but no 

 solution; nuclei indistinct; 

 spermatozoa preserved. 



[Experiment V: Sheep's Organs.] 



Liver, 

 3 hours. 



Kidney, 

 3 hours. 



Cells in separate state and 

 small groups; outlines 

 sharp and distinct; 

 granules numerous; nu- 

 clei usually invisible. 



Imperfectly separated; 

 cells much broken; 

 some free granules and 

 nuclei; some glomeruli. 



No agglutination; cells swollen and granules 

 partially dissolved; nuclei more visible; 

 free granules partially dissolved. 



Slight agglutination; almost complete solu- 

 tion of cells, leaving only granules and 

 occasional nuclei; glomeruli cleared; out- 

 lines of capillaries and nuclei visible. 



Almost unchanged. 



Partial solution of cells; rnany 

 granules and free nuclei r;- 

 main. Glomeruli partially 

 cleared. 



