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BETTER FRUIT 



September 



BETTER FRUIT 



HOOD RIVER, OREGON 



Offlcial Organ of The Northwest Fruit Growers' Association 

 A Montlily Illustrated Magazine Published In the 

 Interest of Modern Fruit Growing and Marketing 



All Communications Should Be Addressed and Remittances 

 Made Payable to 



Better Fruit Publishing Company 



E. H. SHEPABD, Editor and Publisher 

 H. E. \'AN 1)EMAN, Contributing Editor 



STATE ASSOCIATE EDITORS 

 OREGON 



C. I. Lewis, Horticulturist Corvallis 



H. S. Jackson. Pathologist CorvalliB 



H. F. Wilson. Entomologist Corvallis 



WASHINGTON 



A. L. Melander. Entomologist Pullman 



0. M. Morris. Horticulturist PuUman 



COLORADO 



C. P. Gillette, Director and Entomologist Fort Collins 



E. B, House, Chief of Department of Civil and Irrigation 



Engineering, State Agricultural College Fort Collins 



E. P, Taylor, Horticulturist Grand Junction 



IDAHO 



W. H. WicItB. Horticulturist Moscow 



W, S. Thomber, Horticulturist Lewiston 



UTAH 



Dr. E. D. Ball, Director and Entomologist Logan 



Leon D, Batchelor, Horticulturist Logan 



MONTANA 



O. B. Whipple. Horticulturist Bozeman 



CALIFORNIA 



C. W. Woodworth. Entomologist Berkeley 



W. H, Volck. Entomologist WatsonviUe 



BRITISH COLUMBIA 

 R. M, Winslow. Provincial Horticulturist Victoria 



SUBSCRIPTION PRICE: 



In the United States, $1.00 per year in advance 



Canada and foreign, including postage. $1.50 



ADVERTISING RATES ON APPLICATION 



Entered as second-class matter December 27. 1906. at the 



PostofiBce at Hood River. Oregon, under Act 



of Congress of March 3. 1879. 



Saving the Waste. — Every year in the 



Northwest, particularly when the mar- 

 kets are glutted, large quantities of fruit 

 are shipped which bring the grower 

 very little money or are allowed to go 

 to waste without being picked. This is 

 more particularly true in reference to 

 peaches than almost any other fruit. 



California sets a splendid example 

 for the Northwest. California is the 

 largest producer of canned fruits of 

 any state in the Union. Last year the 

 output of canned goods in the State of 

 California was $15,000,000. This does 

 not include dried and evaporated fruits, 

 raisins or any of the other by-products 

 which are produced in that state. 



The total fruit crop in the Northwest 

 probably does not exceed $15,000,000. 

 California has converted more fruit 

 into canned goods than the Northwest 

 produces. The story is ably told in an 

 article appearing in this issue entitled, 

 "The Canners' Interest in the Fruit In- 

 dustry," by C. H. Bentley, manager of 

 the California Canners' Association, 

 comprising some twenty-six different 

 canneries, canning over two-thirds of 

 the output of the State of California. 

 This article in detail gives the volume 

 of business in all of the different kinds 

 of fruits — peaches, pears, plums, apri- 

 cots, nectarines, grapes, etc. 



If every reader of "Better Fruit" will 

 carefully read this article he cannot 

 help but be impressed with the im- 

 portance of the canning industry in 

 connection with fruit growing. If the 

 Northwest would only wake up and 

 comprehend the magnitude and import- 

 ance of the canning industry to the 

 Northwest there is no question but 

 what the Northwest could promote a 

 sufhcient number of canneries and 

 by-product factories to take care of the 

 surplus that occurs almost regularly 



each year when the fresh fruit markets 

 become oversupplied. Vinegar plants, 

 evaporators and by-product factories 

 should take care of an immense quan- 

 tity of apples good in quality but not 

 sufhciently high in grade to justify 

 Eastern freight shipment. 



Hotels and restaurants prefer canned 

 apples to fresh apples for pies and 

 cooking in various other ways. Canned 

 apples are more convenient and more 

 economical for such trade. 



One concern in California ships over 

 24,000,000 cans of apricots, peaches and 

 pears annually to England alone. 



In this edition of "Better Fruit" will 

 also be found a number of other good 

 articles. One is entitled "Secrets of 

 Success in Canning," and another arti- 

 cle on "Utilization of Waste Product in 

 Vinegar Making," and another on "Dry- 

 ing Apples," and still another article 

 giving sixty-eight by-products that may 

 be made by any apple grower's family 

 from the apple alone. 



It is during the months of September 

 and October when the greatest waste 

 occurs in the fruit business. For this 

 reason, that the object lesson may be 

 significant, "Better Fruit" has thought 

 it wise to issue a special edition on the 

 subject of Saving the Waste. 



This brings the writer to another 

 subject for consideration, and that is 

 Economy. In order to make any busi- 

 ness profitable, waste must be elimi- 

 nated. Canneries, evaporators, vinegar 

 plants and by-product factories of all 

 kinds will make an immense saving by 

 utilizing what has annually gone to 

 waste in the past few years in the fruit 

 industrv in the Northwest. 



1914 Apple Crop. — Every year there 



are conflicting reports about the size of 

 the apple crop in the United States. 

 Regularly we have the usual number of 

 estimates which state "This year's crop 

 will be the biggest in the histoi->' of the 

 business." Estimates have already been 

 made for the Northwest of as high as 

 23,000 cars. The conservative estimates 

 at the present lime indicate about 15,000 

 cars. Reports are very conflicting about 

 the Middle West. People who are not 

 interested in the growing or selling 

 of apples who have been in Kansas, 

 Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois and Indiana 

 state that the crojas in these states are 

 comparatively light this year. It would 

 seem that there is some truth in this 

 view of the matter, inasmuch as one of 

 the daily newspapers the other day 

 stated that Kansas had not had a rain 

 for ninety-seven days. All reports seem 

 to agree pretty generally that the crop 

 in New York and Pennsylvania will be 

 large, with a splendid crop in the New 

 England states, although the quantity 

 produced by the New England states is 

 not great in volume. Growers in New 

 York state will have to grade this year 

 in accordance with the state law of 

 New York. One well-posted man states 

 that the grading rules were such that 

 not to exceed eighty per cent of the 

 crop would be packed if they attained 

 Iiroper size. Reports from New York 

 stale indicate there are many small 

 apples at the ijrescnt time and unless 



the growth was very rapid from now 

 on it was his opinion that the quantity 

 packed would be materially reduced on 

 account of under-size. However, there 

 seems to be no question about the fact 

 that New York and Pennsylvania will 

 produce large crops of apples. 



Some are estimating a 50,000,000- 

 barrel crojj this year in the United 

 States. Information is more or less 

 conflicting and as many reports give 

 very low estimates in many of the other 

 states, and as the year has been dry, 

 which would cause a great many small 

 apples, it does not seem as if one were 

 justified at the present lime in as.sum- 

 ing that the United Stales would pro- 

 duce 50.000,000 barrels in 1914. 



Newtown Pippin. — This seems to be 



a light year for the Newtown crop. 

 Reports from Virginia, while giving 65 

 per cent of the crop in other varieties, 

 estimate the Newtown crop in that state 

 at only 25 per cent. At WatsonviUe, 

 California, the Newtown crop is esti- 

 mated at about 65 per cent of their crop. 

 Southern Oregon is billed for a light 

 Newtown crop and in the Hood River 

 Valley the Newtown crop is about the 

 lightest set of any. These are the prin- 

 cipal Newtown producing sections of 

 the United States — in fact, the only 

 ones where Newtowns are grown to 

 any great extent, as only a few are 

 produced along the Hudson River in 

 New York slate, and a few cars grown 

 in the Yakima Valley, where the New- 

 towns are not grown extensively. The 

 Newtown is not grown in the Wen- 

 atchee district in a commercial way, 

 neither is it grown in Montana, Idaho, 

 Utah or Colorado or in any of the 

 Middle Western states. In fact. New- 

 towns are only grown in five states — 

 Oregon, W^ashington, California, Vir- 

 ginia and New York. 



The Proper Spirit Necessary to Han- 

 dle 1914 Apple Crop. — ^^^lile it is gen- 

 erally admitted that the crop of apples 

 will be large this year, perhaps some- 

 where around the 1912 crop, this does 

 not by any means indicate that the 

 market outlook is discouraging. The 

 apple growers, their associations and 

 marketing concerns should be awake to 

 the fact that the United States must be 

 made to consume more apples this year 

 than ordinarily. This will not be done 

 if the jjropcr efl'ort is not made; it can 

 be accomplished and satisfactory prices 

 obtained if the business is handled in 

 the right sort of a way. Conservative 

 marketing, intelligent distribution and 

 energetic salesmanshiii should be the 

 watchwords. Everyone should work 

 for the closest harmony between the 

 fruit grower, the association or dis- 

 tributing concern, the dealer and the 

 retailer, all aiming to co-ordinate their 

 efforts in such a way as to serve the 

 consumer in the most satisfactory man- 

 ner at reasonable prices. By such 

 methods the consuming capacity of the 

 United States can be immensely in- 

 creased, and with the proper increase 

 a reasonably good demand can be 

 looked for which will mean fairly 

 satisfactory prices with a reasonable 



