Page 14 



BETTER FRUIT 



July 



TABLE VIII— SMALL FRUITS IN THE 



Total Value 

 in 1909 



All sm.,11 fruits ^^^TiHll 



Straw berries '.',' ij.rg?. 



Blackberries and dewberries f 'VlliJ'S-i 



Raspberries and loganberries 5,1.1^,^/ / 



Currants -,-nii 



Gooseberries a,n qsq 



AH other small fruits 1,S1U,»8^ 



UNITED STATES, 1909 CENSUS 

 Production 



in 1909 



(Quarts) Acreage 



426,565,863 272,460 



255,702,035 143,045 



55.313,570 49,004 



60,918,196 48,668 



10,448,532 7,862 



5,282,843 4,765 



38,870,687 19,116 



Relative 



Value 



Per cent 



100 



58.8 



13.0 



17.6 



2.8 



1.8 



6.0 



TABLE IX— ORCHARD FRUITS IN THE UNITED STATES, 



Total Value 



All orchard crops *^oS'5SJ'5q9 



Apples ; 9s'-s?'n-s 



Peaches and nectarines -^S'/l?!'.'' 



Pears 

 Plums 



100.0 



Cherries 



,910,600 



md priiAes :;:::: le-'s^.i'i!; 



7,231,160 



Apricots '. 2,884,119 



Quinces al/,iu 



1909 CENSUS 



Increase Relatiu 



Production Over 



(Bushels) 1899. Pel 



216,083,695 1.8 



147,522,318 15.9 



35,470,276 133.0 



8,840,733 33.4 



15,480,170 76.6 



4,126,099 43.6 



4,150,263 57.1 



428,672 



Value 

 Pel. 

 100 

 59.1 

 20.4 

 5.6 

 7.3 

 5.1 

 2.0 

 0.3 



100.0 



sectioiLs of the country, but ttie South 

 Atlantic States are the heaviest pro- 

 ducers, having in 19(19 a crop worth 



.'J!3,5fi5,r)29. or 

 total value of 

 the I'nion, on 

 total acreage 



about one-fifth of the 

 the strawberry crop of 

 about one-fourth of the 

 devoted to that crop. 

 Taking the country over strawberries 

 were produced in 1909 on about one- 

 half of the land devoted to small fruits 

 and represented about three-fourth.s of 

 their total value. The production of 

 blackberries is widely dislributed, but 

 the country's supply of currants, rasp- 

 berries and gooseberries comes mainly 

 from the North and M'est. Massa- 

 chusetts, New Jersey and Wisconsin 

 produce most of our cranberries. The 

 increase of value of small fruits is not 

 given for the dilTerent crops separately, 

 but as a whole the berries showed an 

 increase of 19.8 per cent of value with 

 a decrease of 7.9 per cent in total pro- 

 duction. 



Orchard Fruits 

 The 1909 census .shows a falling off 

 in the number of trees of each kind of 

 fruit since the census of 1899, but the 

 total production had increased slightly 

 during that time and the total value of 

 the crop had increased 68.2 per cent. 

 This last fi.gure represented 2.6 per cent 

 of the total value of all farm crops. 

 The pi-oduction of fruit is a business in 

 every state of the Union, but the trade 

 looks to California and New York for 

 about 2.") per cent of its domestic 

 orchard fruits. Apples are the most 

 imi)orlant of our orchard fruit, their 

 value in 1909 being n9.\ per cent of the 

 total for all orchard fruits, or about 

 1.5 per cent of Ihe total value for all 

 crop.s. .Mthougli api^Ie ])roduction is 

 widely distributed throughout the 

 United Slates, New York leads with 

 1.").6 per cent of the total value of the 

 crop, her nearest rival being Pennsyl- 

 vania with about two-fifths of that 

 amount. Peaches are grown more or 

 less in all states, but California sup- 

 plies 14.,') i)er cent of the trade, fol- 

 lowed by ("icorgia and New York, each 

 supplying about 7 iier cent. Three- 

 eighths of the sui)i)ly of pears comes 

 from California and New York, the re- 

 mainder coming fairly uniforntly from 

 all sections. Of our phims and prunes 

 about four-fifths of the tot;d crop 

 comes from the Pacific States (mainly 

 California and Oregon), although the 

 section h:>s only about Iwo-fiflhs of the 



total number of these fruit trees. In 

 the production of cherries California, 

 Indiana, Michigan and Ohio lead the 

 country, but in area devoted to this 

 crop the order of most importance is 

 Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and 

 California. 98 per cent of our apri- 

 cots come from California, with a 

 sprinkling of trees in a few other other 

 states. The quince crop can scarcely 

 be considered commercially, a few 

 home trees being found in nearly all 

 states, their small surplus being ample 

 for the local markets. 



The Production of Grapes 



Our grape crop has had a picturesque 

 history since the first vain attempts in 

 colonial days. Ohio and Missouri have 

 in turn led the other states in pro- 

 duction, but today 0.3 per cent of our 

 crop comes from California, New York 

 and Michigan. Practically all of our 

 "European" grapes are produced in 

 California, whereas New York and 

 Michigan can produce only native 

 American grapes of the Concord type. 

 The grape crop for 1909 was valued at 

 $22,027,961— an increase of .57.1 per 

 cent over the value in 1899. The total 

 production in 1909 was 2,571,065,205 

 pounds. 



Tropical Fruits 



The total value of the tropical and 

 sub-tropical fruits trebled in the ten 

 years between the twelfth and the thir- 

 teenth census figures. The production 

 of citrus fruits alone increased 231.3 

 per cent. Much the greater ])art of the 

 tropical and sub-tropical fruit pro- 

 duced in the I'nited .States is grown in 

 California and Florida, the former pro- 

 ducing 67.8 per cent and Florida 28.7 

 per cent of the total valuation. Of the 

 oranges nearly three-fourths are pro- 

 duced in California, 

 most of the reiriain- 

 d e r coming from 

 Florida. Nearly the 

 entire domestic sup- 

 ply of lemons comes 

 from California. 

 Althou.gh California 

 produces a few grape 

 fruits, the dealers re- 

 ceive nearly the entire 

 supply from Florida. 

 No other class of fruit 

 has increased in pro- 

 duction and popular- 

 il\ ill the iiast decade 



as has the grapefruit or pomelo. The 

 other citrus fruits are unimportant; 

 these are limes, tangerines and kum- 

 quats, chiefly from Florida, and man- 

 darines from Louisiana. The production 

 of figs is widely distributed throughout 

 the Southern states, although California 

 leads with two-fifths of the crop. Ari- 

 zona and California control the domes- 

 tic supply of olives — a crop which has 

 treble<l in the last decade. Florida is the 

 only source of supply within the United 

 States for pineapples, bananas, avo- 

 cado pears and mangoes. The guavas 

 are known only in California and 

 Florida, and loquats only in the former. 

 The native supply of pomegranates and 

 dates comes from several of the South- 

 ern and Southwestern States. The 

 Japanese persimmon is produced only 

 in California, Florida and Texas. 



Seasons for Fruits 



In general the season for apple sell- 

 ing mav be told bv the following table 

 (1912-l'3): 



TABLE XI— SEASON FOR APPLES— PER 

 CENT OF SALES BY MONTHS 



San 



Month Boston 



.luly 0.77(1 



August 3.3 



September .... 6.3 



October 31.7 



November .... 32.8 



December 12.0 



January 3.9 



February 3.8 



March .' 3.5 



April 1.7 



Mav 1.3 



June 0.1 



100.0 



100.0 



100.0 



by 

 by 



The amounts of apples handled 

 different markets may be estimated 

 the following examples (1912-13) : 

 Boston, Massachusetts, 785,663 barrels; 

 Cincinnati, Ohio, 309,1.58; .St. Louis, 

 Missouri, 295,996; Louisville, Kentucky, 

 157,101, and San Francisco, California, 

 111,601 barrels. 



The orange is a fruit which has a 

 more even distribution throughout the 

 year than has the apple. A glance at 

 the following table will show the dis- 

 tribution according to months: 



TABLE XII— SEASON FOR ORANGES— PER 

 CENT OF SALES BY MONTHS (1912-13) 



Month 



July 



Auf;ust . . . 

 September 

 October . . . 

 November 

 December . 

 January 



Boston 



0.2% 



1.4 

 13.3 

 31.3 

 17. 



February 18.2 



March 13.0 



April 2.8 



May 1.4 



June 0.7 



100.0 



Cincinnati 



1.5% 



2.0 



0.9 



1.1 



6.2 

 29.3 

 11.1 

 15.7 

 13.8 



8.2 



6.2 



4.0 



100.0 



TABLE X- 



TROPICAL AND SUB-TROPICAL FRUITS 

 UNITED STATES— 1909 



Xon-citrus fruits 



Figs 



Pineapples 



Olives 



RaManas 



Avocado pears. . . . 



Guayas 



Maniocs 



Pci-simmons (Jap) 



l.oqu;its 



Ponictiranales .... 

 Dales 



Citrus fruits 



UrauRcs 17.566,464 



Lemons 2.993.738 



Grapefruit 2,060.610 



Limes 12.478 



TanRerincs 68,770 



Mandarines 6.553 



Kumiiuats 2.826 



Total value 



in 1909 



$ 803.810 



731,090 



401,574 



5,661 



10,100 



1 1 .628 



5,739 



9,087 



5,880 



4.203 



533 



Production 



in 1909 



35.060.395 pounds 



778.651 crates 

 16.105.193 pounds 

 10.060 bunches 

 4.920 crates 

 354,062 pounds 

 5,278 pounds 

 6,723 bushels 

 4.541 boxes 

 152,825 pounds 

 9,947 pounds 



19,487,481 boxes 



2.770.313 boxes 



1,189,250 boxes 



11.318 boxes 



38,752 boxes 



3,896 boxes 



1.112 boxes 



