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BETTER FRUIT 



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LESLIE Bl'TLER. President 

 TRUMAN BUTLER, Vice President 

 C. H. VAUGHAN. Cashier 



Established IHUll 



Butler Banking Company 



HOOD HIVEH, OHKGOX 

 Capital $100,000.00 



4% Interest Paid in our Savings Department 

 WE GIVE SPECIAL ATTENTION TO GOOD FARM LOANS 



If you have nioiu-y to loan we will find you good real estate security, or if 



you want to borrow we can place your application in good hands, and we 



make no charge for this service. 



THE OLDEST BANK IN HOOD RIVER VALLEY 



LADD & TILTON BANK 



Established 1S59 Oldest Bank on the Pacific Coast 



PORTLAND, OREGON 



Capital $1,000,000.00 



Surplus 1,000,000.00 



Officers: 



\V. M. Ladd, President 



Edward Cookingham, Vice President 



W. H. Dunckley, Cashier 



R. S. Howard. Jr., Assistant Cashier 

 .F. W. Ladd, Assistant Cashier 

 Walter M. Cook, Assistant Cashier 



INTEREST PAID 0\ TIME DEPOSITS AND SAVINGS ACCOUNTS 



Accoiinis of banks, firms, corporations and individuals solicited. Travelers' checks for 

 sale, and drafts issued available in all countries of Europe. 



while too late pruning has no efl"ect 

 whatever upon the undeveloped buds. 

 The purpose, then, of summer pruning 

 for fruit is to accelerate the fruit-bud 

 growth and at the same time retard 

 wood growth. 



In irrigated districts, immediately 

 after the pruning has had its desired 

 effect of checking growth, which may 

 be shown in from three to six weeks, 

 begin to gradually increase the amount 

 of moisture in the soil until by the last 

 of October the soil is thoroughly sat- 

 urated. At this time the fruit l3uds will 

 stand oul distinctly, be round pointed 



and show every indication of vigor. 

 Water applied before growth has been 

 completely checked will cause late fall 

 terminal growth, a condition that may 

 or may not be detriiuental to the 

 trees — however a condition not at all 

 desired by the good fruitgrower. The 

 pruning for fruit every year can be 

 briefly summed up in the following 

 sentence: Develop a good frame, pro- 

 duce abundance of fruiting area, check 

 wood growth, strike balance of nature, 

 keep up vigor, feed well, summer prune 

 and irrigate thoroughly at least every 

 autumn. 



Bacteria 



By E. Leech, Stevensville, Mont 



ACTERIA were discovered in KISS. 



±j That they do not originate spon- 

 taneously was shown in 18()0-()4. The 

 first disease-producing bacteria were 

 recognized in anthrax in 1849; and tlie 

 first definle proof that bacteria caused 

 animal disease was by Koch with 

 anthrax in 187.5-78. The first plant dis- 

 ease lo be definitely ascribed to bacleri;i 

 was the pear blight in 1879. 



Entrance to the host plants is made 

 in various ways, very often through 

 wounds, i)aiticularly wounds caused b\ 

 insects, Ihrough roots, sloiuata, water 

 pores, Ihrough delicate tissues as blos- 

 soms, etc. Once in Ihe tissue, ba<-teria 

 may migrate rapidly by means of the 

 vessels, intercellular spaces (between 

 cells) or more slowly fhi-ough cavities 

 dissolved by the aid of enzymes (an 

 unorganized or soluble ferment I. 



Typically a bacterial spore consists 

 of a highly refractive ovoid (resem- 

 bling an egg) walled body within the 

 mother cell. This bodj- possesses high 

 resistance to ordinary stains, a great 

 tenacity against decolorizing if it be 

 once stained, a higher resistance 

 against adverse leiiii)eratures and ad- 

 verse conditions generally than do 

 vegetative cells, and finally the ahilit\ 

 to germinate and thus aid in perpttii- 

 ating Ihe species. While the absolute 

 luimber of bacterial species that form 

 sjMues is large, comparatively thev are 

 few. They are most frecpiently met 

 among the rod forms, and are rare 

 among the sjiirilla and cocci. 



There are three modes of spore ger- 

 mination, the most common, jiolar ger- 

 mination, consists in a rui)lure of one 

 pole of Ihe spore and the development 



of a normal vegetative cell through the 

 oi)ening. The second mode, equatorial, 

 consists in a rupture in the side in- 

 stead of the enil of the sijore. The 

 Ihii'd mode, absorption, consists in a 

 direct development of the whole spore 

 into a vegetative cell. In suitable con- 

 ditions germination may occur imme- 

 diately after sjiore formation; if con- 

 <litions be unsuitable it may be delayed 

 foi many years. 



American Association of Nurserymen 



The Hotel Cadillac, Detroit, Michigan, 

 has been chosen by the committee on 

 arrangements, Mr. Thomas I. llgenfritz 

 and Secretary Hall, as convention head- 

 ([uarters for the fortieth anniversary of 

 this association. The accommodations 

 tor meetings, exhibits, committees and 

 for social purjxises are unexcelled, and 

 have been generously placed at our 

 coimuand by the management. It will 

 be the committee's aim from time to 

 time to keep members posted regarding 

 progress made in the development of 

 all efforts to have the program, general 

 ariangements and entertainment of the 

 very highest ipiality. What is now 

 asked of members is that they shall 

 become so enthused that they will im- 

 portune nurserymen who are at present 

 in the cold lo become members before 

 the cold storage doors shut them \\p 

 beyond the possibility of thawin,g. The 

 convention of .lune 23-25, 1915, will go 

 down in American Association history 

 as a ijhenomenal event. — .lohn Hall, 

 Secretary, 20-1 ("hamber of Commerce 

 Building, Rochester, New York. 



The 



First 



National 



Bank 



Hood River, Oregon 



Capital and Surplus 

 $135,000 



4:% Interest Paid on Savings 

 and Term Deposits 



F. S. STANLEY, President 

 E. 0. BLANCHAR, Cashier 



WUh.N WKIlINt, ADVERTISIRS MlNilON BKTTER FRUIT 



