HIGHLIGHTS OF BOTANICAL EXPLORATION IN THE NEW WORLD 237 



materials are widely distributed in the principal herbaria; Otto Buchtien, 

 whose collections exceeded 1000 numbers; M. Bang (1890-1895), whose 

 materials are widely distributed, the first set of which, some 3002 sheets, is 

 at New York; and more recently J. Steinbach (1915-1929), who collected 

 some 8992 numbers that are widely distributed, with large sets at New York 

 and Kew. 



H. H. Rusby in 1885, a year after his graduation from medical college, was 

 sent by Parke, Davis & Company to Bolivia to conduct explorations (1885- 

 1886) chiefly in the interest of obtaining plants with potential drug value. In 

 1921, at sixty-six years of age, he returned to Bolivia as leader of the Mul- 

 ford Biological Exploration of the Amazon Valley (1921-1922). Rusby ob- 

 tained 3196 collection numbers on the first expedition, 2629 on the Mulford 

 Expedition, and with Pennell in Colombia in 1917 some 4791. The original 

 sets are at New York. 



Brazil. I. Urban presents an excellent history of the early complicated 

 history of exploration of Brazil in Part 1 of the first volume of the Flora Bra- 

 siliensis, offering detailed accounts of the itineraries of the principal plant 

 collectors who have done field work in Brazil up to 1904. Prominent among 

 them were C. F. P. von Martins (1817-1820), whose original set of more 

 than 1500 numbers is at Munich (Martins' personal herbarium is at Brus- 

 sels) ; F. Sellow (1814-1831) collected some 13,219 numbers, the original set 

 of which was at Berlin, but duplicates are widely distributed; A. von 

 Chamisso (1815-1816) collected perhaps 12,000 numbers on his world voyage, 

 the earlier from Santa Catarina, the original set at Leningrad; A. F. C. P. 

 de St.-Hilaire (1816-1822), collections numbering nearly 7600, original set 

 at Paris; G. H. von Langsdorff (1813-1829), original set at Leningrad; 

 J. F. Pohl (1817-1821), original set at Vienna; H. W. Schott (1817-1821), 

 original set at Vienna; J. S. Blanchet (1828-1856), a collection of some 4000 

 numbers, widely distributed; W. J. Burchell (1825-1830), collection of some 

 11,765 numbers, including 52,000 specimens and 7022 species, original set 

 at Kew; Johann Lhotsky (1830-1832), original collections at Vienna; Charles 

 Gaudichaud-Beaupre (1832-1833, 1836), original collections at Paris; P. 

 Claussen (1834-1843), specimens widely distributed; George Gardner (1836- 

 1841), over 7000 numbers widely distributed, original sets at British Museum 

 and Oxford; E. Poeppig (1831-1832), original set at Vienna; A. F. Regnell, 

 long-time resident physician in Brazil (1841-1874), original set at Stockholm; 

 L. Riedel (1821-1836), original set of more than 7000 numbers at Leningrad; 

 R. Spruce (1849-1855), nearly 10,000 collection numbers, original set at 

 Kew; A. F. M. Glaziou (1861-1895), some 22,770 numbers, original set on 

 deposit at Kew, specimens widely distributed. 



Martins himself during four years of exploration (with the zoologist J. B. 

 von Spix) from 1817 to 1820 collected chiefly in eastern Brazil. The last eight 

 months were occupied by his magnificent trip from Manaos up the Rio Negro 



