BOTANICAL ASPECTS OF PAPER-PULP AND TANNING INDUSTRIES 517 



pine pulp which followed that initial trial of 1921, the laurels belong to Dr. 

 Charles Holmes Herty. The indefatigable work of this industrial chemist in 

 the 1930's influenced the economy of the South in a manner reminiscent of 

 cotton-gin days. In 1931 Dr. Herty predicted that within five years, the mak- 

 ing of newsprint from southern pine would be entirely feasible and that a 

 new industry of enormous proportions would arise in the South as a result. 

 On January 17, 1940, in fulfillment of his prophecy, a new mill at Lufkin, 

 Texas, with a potential daily output of 150 tons, produced the first newsprint 

 from southern pine for continuous commercial consumption. 



In 1954 the United States produced 26.6 million tons of paper and paper- 

 board from 19.8 million tons of wood pulp, 8.1 million tons of waste paper, 

 and about 1.2 million tons of other fibers in agricultural wastes — wheat straw, 

 cotton and linen rags, cotton linters, linseed flax, sugar-cane bagasse, Manila 

 hemp, sunn hemp, common hemp, sisal, jute, wool — and of mineral or synthetic 

 nature. The wood pulp called for 29.2 million cords of pulpwood, 85 per cent 

 of which was softwoods. A year later, 1955, total consumption in the United 

 States, including imports from Canada, increased to a record figure of 

 33,332,000 cords. 



An appreciable portion of these softwoods was imported from Canada, as 

 has long been true, and consisted of the following species: 



Abies amabilis, amabilis fir 



balsamea, balsam fir 



concolor, white fir 



grandis, grand fir 



lasiocarpa, alpine fir 



magnijica, red fir 



nobilis, noble fir 

 Larix laricina, tamarack 



occidentalis , western larch 

 Picea canadensis, white spruce 



engelmannii, Engelmann spruce 



mariana, black spruce 



rub ens, red spruce 



sitchensis, Sitka spruce 

 Pinus banksiana, jack pine 



contorta var. latifolia, lodgepole pine 



ponderosa, ponderosa pine 



resinosa, red pine 



strobus, white pine 

 Pseudotsuga taxijolia, Douglas fir 

 Thuja plicata, western white cedar 

 Tsuga canadensis, eastern hemlock 



