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science, it is known of some at least that these are but the re-discoveries 

 of arts which perished with the i-eeords of a former people. 



It has been already suggested that science in some of its forms 

 enters very largely into our most ordinary pursuits. As an illustration 

 of the complexity of the subject, and the mutual interdependence ot one 

 science upon another, let us glance for a moment at even so apparently 

 simple a thing as the making of our daily bread. Here we should pro- 

 bably, first of all, obtain a knowledge of the conditions of climate which 

 are most favorable to the growth of cereals, and this opens to us at once 

 the great domain of the sciences of climatology and meteorology. The 

 conditions of soil, again, also a question of great importance, brings us 

 to the study of chemistry, physics and geology, while the sowing, har- 

 vesting and grinding of our grain introduces us into the wonderful field 

 of applied mechanics, the «kill of whose students is so largely devoted 

 to the invention and perfecting of the best and most labor- saving 

 appliances by which these operations can be most satisfactorily effected. 

 In the second stage of the industry, chemistry again comes into 

 play in the laboratory of our kitchens and in the production of the best 

 materials for producing the finest varieties of bread from th^ prepared 

 grain, and in this connection also several sister sciences are invoked in 

 the invention and building of our ranges and other appliances for the 

 cooking of the materials after they are ready for that process. If we 

 follow up our illustration to its legitimale conclusion we shall have to 

 go back still farther and bring in the aid of several other important 

 assistants. Thus we must have the science of geology to determine the 

 presence of the coal beds from which we derive the necessary fuel to 

 supply our ranges. Then we have the sciences of palaeontology and 

 palaeo-botany to determine the age of the coal plants which accompany 

 these coal beds, and the science of mining engineering, by which the 

 coal, and even the iron ores from which our implements and ranges are 

 manufactured, can be extracted and brought into useful shape, in which 

 process, also, we have the aid of the sister science of metallurgy, and 

 so we might pursue our illustration almost indefinitely and show that 

 in every department of our life's work there is an exceedingly close 

 relationship everywhere existing between the various branches of scien- 

 tific knowledge. 



