147] FAUNA OF BIG VERMILION RIVER— BAKER 49 



milion specimens. A long narrow pearly blister on the posterior margin of 

 one specimen might have been due to the presence of the marginal distomid 

 described by Kelly. Clark and Wilson (1912:62) found this distomid com- 

 mon as cysts in ligamentina from the Maumee River. A specimen from 

 the Big Vermilion had a large pearl-like blister at the lower edge of the 

 posterior adductor muscle scar. (Z 11482 A). An abnormal shell without 

 the animal, was found in Middle Fork. The posterior end is sharply trun- 

 cated and bent inward in the right valve and bent outward in the left valve. 

 The hinge teeth are much more elevated and heavier than in normal speci- 

 mens. This abnormality was due to an injury received when the shell was 

 about three years old. It must have lived upward of two years after 

 receiving the injury, judging by the rest marks on the shell. This individual 

 measures length, 84, height, 52 mm. (Z11216A). 



The Middle Fork and Big Vermilion shells are thick and of good, clear, 

 peerly- white lustre. The mucket is one of the most valuable shells for the 

 cutting of button blanks and the Middle Fork and Big Vermilion speci- 

 mens appear to be of excellent quality for this purpose. The species from 

 this stream could be used for glochidial infection of fish. Gravid females 

 were collected on September 26. Ligamentina was not found in the Sanga- 

 mon River. 



27. Actinonaias ellipsiformis (Conrad), 



This small naiad occurs rarely at three places in the Big Vermilion 

 River; below the dam at Homer Park, in the Salt Fork south of Muncie, 

 and in the Big Vermilion below Middle Fork. Whether this rarity is due 

 to a real scarcity of the mussel or to the inability of the collectors to find it, 

 is not known. Diligent search was made in the various places visited, 

 and the fact that but few specimens have been found by Professor Smith 

 after years of constant collecting at Homer Park, leads to the conclusion 

 that the species is rare in this stream. 



Ellipsiformis is common in the Sangamon River at Mahomet where it 

 occurs on a sand and gravel bottom, more commonly on rifiles, where the 

 current is rather swift. The shells from this station are not large (maximum 

 size, length, 63, height, 31 mm.) but are very thick, with pearly- white 

 nacre. The shape is normal, the posterior end being sharply pointed with a 

 narrow truncation. The color is yellowish or greenish with many dark 

 green rays, often wavy. Rest periods show as elevated longitudinal ridges, 

 especially near the ventral mai"gin of the shell. A half-grown specimen, 

 length 38, height 23 mm., resembles in outline young shells of Actinonaias 

 ligamentina and if found with that species would probably be so identified. 

 Ligamentina, however, is not found at Mahomet, and this specimen is 

 doubtless referable to ellipsiformis. Utterbach's reference of the species 

 to the genus Nephronaias ( = Actinonaias) is strengthened by the similarity 

 of these shell characters, which this author has also noted (1916: 142). 



