thunnus rosengartem, and P. atiMguus in its synon- 

 ymy. Thynnus coretta, wliich was placed in the 

 synonymy of T. thijnnus Ijy Fraser-Brunner (1950) 

 and Rivas (1951), is also a synonym of T. allanticus, 

 as Rivas (19(il) has recently shown. Alorice (1953), 

 Frade (1960), and others have mistakenly plac Ted. 

 allanticus in the synonymy of T. obesus. 



Range 



Thunnus ailanticus is known only from the western 

 Atlantic, from off Martha's Vineyard, Mass. 

 (Mather and Schuck, 1952), and Cape Hatteras 

 (Schuck and Mather, 1951), throughout the West 

 Indies (Beebe and Tee-Van, 1936) and the northern 

 Caribbean (Bullis and Mather, 1956), south to 

 Trinidade Island off the coast of Brazil (Lesson, 

 1830) and off Rio de Janeiro at 22°21' S., 37°37' W. 

 (Mather and Day, 1954). 



THUNNUS OBESUS (Lowe, 1839) 

 BIGEYE TUNA 



Thynnus ohcsus Lowe, 1839: 78 (original description; 

 Madeira). Lowe, 1849: 2 (copy of original de- 

 scription). Giinther, 1860: 362 (in footnote as 

 dubious species). Cunningham, 1910: 112 (syn- 

 onymy, description; St. Helena), fig. 5. 



Thynnus sibi Temminck and Schlegel, 1844: 97-98 

 (original description; Japan), pi. 50. Giinther, 

 1860: 362 (in footnote as dubious species). 



Orcynus sibi, Kitahara, 1897: 1-2 (description; 

 Japan), pi. 1, fig. 2. 



Thunnus sibi, Jordan and Snyder, 1901: 64 (Germo 

 sibi; Nagasaki), 125 (supplementary note: the 

 "Shibi" should be a species of Thunnus, T. sibi). 

 de Beaufort, 1951: 222-223 (synonymy, descrip- 

 tion), de Sylva, 1955: 34-40 (osteology, relation- 

 ships), fig. 59 (neurocranium). Rivas, 1961 : 135- 

 136 (synonymy, description; a valid Indo-Pacific 

 species). 



3ermo sibi, Jordan and Snyder, 1901: 64' (listed; in 

 supplementary note, p. 125 as Thunnus sibi). 

 Jordan and Jordan, 1922: 33 (Hawaii). 



Thunnus mcbachi Kishinouye, 1915: 19 (original 

 description; Japan). 



Paralhunnus mebachi, Kishinouye, 1923: 442-445 

 (description, anatomy; placed in the new genus 

 Paralhunnus), figs. 4, 22, 47, 49. Godsil and 

 Byers, 1944: 104-119 (anatomy; E. Pacific). 

 Mimura et al., 1963b (biology; Indian Ocean). 



^arathunnus sibi, Jordan and Hubbs, 1925: 218 

 (description; Japan). Jordan and Evermann, 



1926: 17 (description), pi. 3, fig. 2. Tinker, 1944: 

 159 (Hawaii). Brock, 1949 (description; Hawaii). 

 Shimada, 1954 (distribution in Pacific). Gosline 

 and Brock, 1960; 261 (description; Hawaii), 337 

 (synonymy). Alverson and Peterson, 1963 (biol- 

 ogy; Pacific). 



Parathunnus obesus, Jordan and Evermann, 1926: 

 17 (description). Frade, 1929: 229-235 (mor- 

 phometry, swimbladder; Canary Is.), pi. 5, fig. 1. 

 Buen, 1930: 50, (Spain) fig. 9. Bini, 1931 :' 27-30 

 (morphometry; Canaiy Is.). Frade, 1931a (mor- 

 phometry, swimbladder; E. Atlantic). Beebe and 

 Tee- Van, 1936: 181 (comparison with T. allanti- 

 cus). Morice, 1953: 70-71, fig. 4 (liver; E. Atlan- 

 tic.) Frade, 1960: 1-74 (description, distribution, 

 biology, bibliography), pi. 1-7. 



Thunnus obesus, Fraser-Brunner, 1950: 142 (key to 

 Thunnus), 144 (synonymy, in part), fig. 6. Rivas, 

 1951: 220 (comparison with T. allanticus and T. 

 alalunga). Bullis and Mather, 1956 (coimts, mor- 

 phometry, key to Caribbean species of Thunnus), 

 fig. 2. Mather and Gibbs, 1958: 23 (NW. At- 

 lantic). Rivas, 1961: 133-135 (description, .syn- 

 onymy; restricted to Atlantic). Talbot and Pen- 

 rith, 1961 : 240 and 1962: 558 (S. Africa). Talbot 

 and Penrith, 1963: 624-629 (description, biology; 

 S. Africa). Iwai and Nakamura, 1964: 6, fig. 3B 

 (olfactory rosettes). Iwaietal., 1965: 9-11 (syn- 

 onymy), 34-36 (description), fig. 19. Nakamura, 

 1965: 18-19, figs. 3D, 8, 9A (osteology). Merritt 

 and Thorp, 1966: 376-377 (E. Africa). Naka- 

 mura and Kikawa, 1966 (infracentral grooves). 



Paralhunnus obesus mebachi, .lones and Silas I960- 

 383-384 (Indian Ocean), fig. 10. 



Thunnus obesus sibi, Jones and Silas, 1963: 1791- 

 1792 (Indian Ocean). 



Thunnus obesus mebachi, .Jones and Silas, 1964: 36- 

 38 (Indian Ocean). 



Misidentification 



The 1,450-mm. specimen reported as T. thynmis 

 by Fernandez- Yepez and Santaella (1956) is prob- 

 ably T. obesus as indicated by Mather and Gibbs 

 (1958: 238) and by Rivas (1961: 134). 



Types of Nominal Species 



Thynnus obesus Lowe, 1839. No type specimens. 

 Original description rather vague, but definitely 

 referring to the species as now recognized. Appar- 

 ently based on large specimens from Madeira. Dif- 

 ferentiated from T. thynnus (as Thynnus vulgaris) 



VXATOMY AND SYSTEMATICS OF TUNAS 



109 



