little larger than the second specimen; a second 

 specimen, 5 feet 9 inches long (1,753 mm.), "taken 

 in the Gulf Stream," but "badly torn by sharks"; 

 and a third specimen weighing 135 pounds (61 kg.). 

 Neoihimnus catalinac .Jordan and Evermann, 1926. 

 Type originally designated as "Xo. 597, Mus. Calif. 

 Acad. Sci., a photograph of a fish taken off Santa 

 Catalina Island, California," weight 157Ji pounds 

 (71 kg.). This photograph was published earlier as 

 Germo macropterm by Jordan and Starks (1907: 69). 

 - The fish appears to be a mounted specimen. 



Neothunnus itosibi Jordan and Evermann, 1926. 

 Type originally designated as "No. 598, Mus. Calif. 

 Acad. Sci., a photograph ... of a specimen weighing 

 321 pounds in Honolulu market." The specimen is 

 no longer extant. 



Kishinoella zacalles Jordan and Evermann, 1926. 

 Type originally designated as "Xo. 599, Mus. Calif. 

 Acad. Sci., a photograph of a specimen e.xamined in 

 the Honolulu market . . ., 23^ feet long, . . . weighing 

 14 pounds." The characters given in the key to 

 species (p. 26) are based on the specimen photo- 

 graphed; the te.xt description is based on another 

 specimen. Jordan and Evermann described zacalles 

 as lacking a swimbladder, and they and subsequent 

 workers (Serventy, 1942; Fraser-Brunner, 1950) have 

 placed it close to T. tonggol. Jordan and Evermann, 

 however, gave for their zacalles a gill-raker count of 

 30, which is completely outside the known range for 

 T. tonggol (19-28, Table 2). It is our experience 

 that the swimbladder may be quite difficult to find 

 in some specimens of most species of Thunnus, and 

 we believe that Jordan and Evermann probably 

 overlooked it in their specimens of zacalles. They 

 can not have been describing T. thijnnus, as this 

 species has more gill rakers and a much shorter 

 pectoral fin than they show in their photograph of 

 zacalles. Of the three remaining Pacific species, 

 T. alaluTiga may be quickly eliminated because it 

 has a much longer pectoral fin and an entirely 

 different coloration. T. obesus has a much larger 

 eye than that shown for zacalles, and the swimbladder 

 is well developed in all specimens that we ob.served. 

 The description of Kishinoella zacalles fits T. albacarcs 

 in number of gill rakers (mean for Pacific T. albacarcs 

 30.2, table 2), length of pectoral fin, coloration, and 

 general body proportions. Also, Jordan and Ever- 

 mann, in their original description, reported about 

 a dozen specimens of zacalles, all from Hawaii, 

 and no specimen of it (or of T. tonggol) has since 

 been reported from there. In view of the great 



fishery and research program on tunas in the Pacific, 

 it seems highly unlikely that a valid species has 

 been overlooked. 



A'colhinnus albacora brevipinna Bellon and Bardan 

 de Bellon, 1949. No type specimens. Original de- 

 scription based on 11 specimens from the Canary 

 Islands. 



Neothunnus albacora longipinna Bellon and Bardan 

 de Bellon, 1949. No typo specimens. Presumed to 

 be a new subspecific designation for the typical 

 subspecies of .V. albacora Lowe (1839). 



Semathunmis guildi Fowler, 1933. Holotype 

 AX'SP 55982, a dried skin with skull intact, from 

 Tahiti. Fowler stated, "Length 1,830 mm." Our 

 measurement of fork length was about 1,460 mm., 

 of length to end of caudal lobes about 1,680 mm. 

 The specimen is obviously a yellowfin tuna, with 

 high dorsal and anal fins, and the pectoral reaching 

 to the middle of the second dorsal base. 



Characters 



Pectoral fin intermediate in length, usually reach- 

 ing bej^ond second dorsal origin but not beyond end 

 of its base, usually 22-31 percent of fork length 

 (generally similar to T. atlanticus and large T. obesus). 

 Dorsal and anal fins very long in large specimens, 

 becoming well over 20 percent of fork length. 



Gill rakers 26-35 (overlapping with T. alalunga 

 and T. obesus). 



Liver without striations on ventral surface, its 

 right lobe longer and narrower than the others; 

 vascular cones not present on dorsal side (as in 

 T. atlanticus and T. tonggol). Spleen located on 

 right side, and stomach on left (as in all except T. 

 alalunga). Connective tis.sue on dorsal wall of body 

 cavity thickened at anterior end to form a prominent 

 rai.sed cord. Kidney long, tapering, reaching level 

 of vertebra 12-14, often with accessory masses 

 posterior to main kidney. 



Cutaneous artery usually originating at level of 

 vertebra 6-8, passing laterally between ribs 5 and 6, 

 and branching between intermuscular bones 6 and 7 

 (as in T. atlariticus and T. tonggol) or 7-8. A single 

 row of arterioles and venules arising from each main 

 lateral cutaneous branch (as in T. alalunga, T. tonggol, 

 and T. atlanticus) but from lateral sides of vessels 

 (as in T. tonggol and T. atlanticus). Vessels present 

 on each side parallel to dorsal aorta connecting 

 posterior epibranchial to cutaneous artery. Post- 

 cardinal vein present, joining right cutaneous vein 

 (as in T. atlanticus, T. tonggol, and T. obesus). 



AX.\TO.MY AND SYSTEMATICS OF TUNAS 



105 



