igii. Prae^ger. — The Survey of Clare Island. 63 



for some days longer, and N. Colgan examined the 

 Mallaranny shores. Miss Stephens and Miss Knowles 

 worked southwards into Connemara. During this month 

 also Prof. C. J. Patten spent a fortnight investigating the 

 local birds. 



On August 15, in very tempestuous weather, a small 

 party took the field : — -T. J. Westropp (Archaeology), N. 

 Colgan (Marine Mollusca), W. J. Lyons (Meteorology), and 

 R. LI. Praeger. It was two days before they succeeded in 

 crossing to the island, but the time was not wasted. 

 Achillbeg and the coast east and west of it were explored, 

 some interesting and hitherto unknown cliff forts and 

 kitchen middens being discovered. The Fisheries steamer, 

 " Helga," arrived at the island on the i6th with G. P. 

 Farran, L. E. Smith, and R. Southern on board, and, 

 joined by Colgan and Praeger, several days' dredging and 

 trawling were accomplished, in spite of loss of gear owing 

 to rough weather. 



Meanwhile W. A. Wattam arrived from Huddersfield on 

 August 20, and in a fortnight's work made large collections 

 of Lichens, with Achill Sound and Dugort as headquarters. 

 Rev. W. F. Johnson and Mrs. Johnson paid a second visit 

 to the district in September, collecting insects on the island 

 for a fortnight and at Achill Sound for a week. Rev. 

 Canon Lett also revisited Achill Sound, and finished his 

 collecting there. Prof. Patten revisited the island from 

 September 9 to 29, and studied the autumnal migration 

 of birds. 



On October 2, a strong Cryptogamic party crossed to 

 the island, comprising Sir H. Cr Hawley (Fungi), A. D. 

 Cotton (Marine Algae), Miss A. Lorrain Smith (Lichens and 

 Fungi), Miss Beatrice Taylor (Lichens), and Miss Knowles 

 (Lichens) ; the party also included Miss Stephens (Sponges), 

 and R. LI. Praeger. Four to six days' collecting were done 

 on the island by the various members, after which they 

 scattered, and the Achill Sound, Louisburgh, Belclare, 

 Westport and Castlebar districts all received attention. 



A late fungus foray was carried out during the third 

 week in November by Carleton Rea, accompanied for two 

 days by R. LI. Praeger. Operations were hampered at 



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