2IO The Ottawa Naturalist. [March 



others being' permanent residents there. The bluebird [Stalin 

 sialis) also is found there all winter. Higher up, in an altitude of 

 from 1,500 to 2,500 feet, especially on the northern slopes of 

 mountains, we find the animals and plants of the higher and lower 

 transition belts of the Austral life zone, characterized by an over- 

 lapping of northern and southern species. In the highest eleva- 

 tions in that section, along the backs of the highest mountains, 

 notably in the primeval hemlock and spruce stands and in the 

 sphagnum and cranberry swamps, in an altitude of from 2,500 to 

 3,400 feet, the highesr attained in this section, we find many 

 Canadian and boreal species of both fauna and flora. This is 

 where the correspondences between here and there comes in. Of 

 Canadian mammals, e.g., we find there the Canadian white-footed 

 mouse [Peromyscus canadensis) , redbacked mouse [Evotoniys gap- 

 pert), jerboa [Zapus hudsonius), varying hare [Lepus americanus v.) 

 etc., found only in these boreal islands. Of Canadian birds we 

 find breeding there the Canadian warbler ( Wihonia canadensis), 

 the magnolia warbler [Dendroica maculosa), redbreasted nuthatch 

 [Sitta canadensis), hermit thrush [Hylocichla guttala pallasii), soli- 

 tary vireo [y. solitarius), raven [Corviis corax principalis], etc. The 

 plants showing that here Canadian conditions of climate, etc., 

 must exist are, e.g., black spruce [Picca niariana), tamarac [Larix 

 americana), yew [Taxus minor), moose-wood [Dirca palustris), 

 cranberry [Vaccininm macrocarpon) and many others. Altogether 

 this is a very beautiful and extremely interesting part of North 

 America. 



Before an attentive and appreciative audience of Field- 

 Naturalists and their friends, in the Normal School, on the even- 

 ing of the 9th February, Mr. Frank T. Shutt, M.A., Chemist of 

 the Dominion Experimental Farms, gave a lecture on sap and 

 sap movement, which was academic both as to substance and 

 form. The display of charts, used to make clear difficult points, 

 reminded one of University halls. 



After expl.'iining that the term '' circulation " was inappro- 

 priate as applied to sap movement, the lecturer described the 

 various anatomical structures through which the movement took 



