166 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1880. 



von mir untersiichten Diinndai'me cles Orangs aiis Dresden nnd 

 aus der hiesio-en Z00I02:. Sammlnno- sowie der eines Zweiten 

 Chimpanzee aus Dresden, zeigen keine Spur der genannten Fal- 

 ten. Ich halte nach alle diesem ihre Gegenwart beim Orang nnd 

 Chimpanzee fur zweifelhaft ; beim Gorilla, wenn gleich in 

 schwaeher Entwicklung, fiir gewiss ; individuelle Yerseheiden- 

 heiten sind doch in einem solchen Punekte nicht wahrscheinlich." 

 I foimd indications of valvuhie conniventes in the Orang, but of 

 the most rudimentary character as compared with man. In places 

 they run parallel with the long axis of the intestine (PI. 14, fig. 2), 

 then transversely as in man (PI. 14, fig. 3), then again as at first, 

 and afterwards again transversel3\ They are found in parts of the 

 jejunum and ileum. The valvulse conniventes I found very well 

 developed in the male Chimpanzee (PI. 14, fig. 4), but not at all in 

 the female. I noticed in the Orang the villi and solitary glands ; 

 the Peter's glands were very well developed. I counted fifteen, 

 some of which measured 4 inches in length. The coecum and ileo- 

 colic valve did not ditfer from the same parts in man. The ver- 

 miform appendix attained a length of 6| inches absolutely, and 

 was relatively much larger than that of man, reminding one of 

 the condition of this structure in the human embryo. As regards 

 the large intestine, the only noticeable peculiarities were the 

 large size of the solitary glands, and the fact that the mucous 

 membrane of the ascending colon was thrown into well-marked 

 longitudinal folds, with transverse connecting ones, exhibi ting- 

 quite a reticulated appearance (PI. 14, fig. 1). This is not the 

 case in the Chimpanzee. The peritoneum was disposed as in 

 man. The transverse colon was connected with the stomach, 

 as was also the case in the Chimpanzee, and Prof. Bischoff"'^ 

 noticed that this obtains also in the Gorilla. As is well known, the 

 transverse colon in the monkeys can be raised entirely without 

 drawing up with it the stomach, with the exception sometimes 

 of the Macacques, in which I have noticed a slight peritoneal 

 connection between pyloric part of stomach and colon, indi- 

 cating a beginning of a gastrocolic omentum ? I did not notice 

 anything peculiar about the spleen or pancreas. The quadrate lobe 

 of liver was absent ; the spigelian lobe, however, was very well 

 developed ; the hepatic duct opened at a little distance from the 

 pancreatic. I found in the small intestine, five fine specimens of 



1 Op. cit., p. 39. 



