1880.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 3YT 



haps it liad prevented the ants from making) any orderly arrange- 

 ment of galleries and rooms in stories. But chambers were 

 discovered, placed one above the other, united by tubular galleries^ 

 and extending down at least twenty-two inches, the depth to which 

 the excavation was canned. The general character of these may be 

 shown b}' the following examples. Twelve inches from the sur- 

 face the trowel uncovered an opening into a cavity. By gently 

 removing the earth, a similar opening was made just opposite 

 (fig. 2, PL 19). When the little bridge between the two was cut 

 away there was exposed an ovoid room (fig. 3, PI. 19), in which 

 were a number of ants, chiefly males and females of Lucidus. 

 The room was an inch high at the middle, and an inch and a half 

 across from wall to wall ; a tubular gallery led from it into the 

 earth beyond. Another chamber, found at ten inches below the 

 surface, was a large irregular cavity, which appeared, on removing 

 a smooth stone, flush up against which it had been mined (fig. 4, 

 PI. 19). It was three inches long, one inch and a quarter high, at 

 the highest point, and extended inward at the deepest point nearly 

 two inches. The line of the roof against the stone was irregular, 

 falling to seven-eighths of an inch to five-eighths, rising to seven- 

 eighths, and at one end terminating in a gallery-like extension of 

 half an inch. A gallery opened downward near the stone and one 

 opened inward at the innermost point. This chamber was also 

 occupied chiefly by males and females. This suflficiently charac- 

 terizes the internal architecture. 



Mingled with the Lucidus ants, in large numbers were workers 

 in three forms, major, minor, and dwarf, of the species Formica 

 Schauff'iissi. 



August 23d, the excavated nest was visited, and these ants were 

 found to be busy in part upon the galleries, which they were clean- 

 ing out, dragging the pellets of sand to the opening with the 

 design apparently of closing them. None of the Lucidus ants 

 were engaged in this work. Another portion of the slaves was 

 engaged in an extensive migration.' A few of the slaves were 

 carr3'ing their fellows, but for the most part the deportation was con- 

 fined to the males and females of Lucidus. The manner in which 

 the latter were seized and carried oif was well observed and is as 

 follows : The slave approached the winged queen (for example) 



^ I have referred to this migration in " The Agricultural Ant of Texas,' 

 p. 154. 



