220 ■ E. A. ANDREWS 



in 12, mildly attacked in 13 and slowly attacked in the mixture. 

 While the associating of 2 communities together may thus lead 

 to a state of armistice, some experiments to infect one colony 

 by proximity to the other, so that its reaction factor would 

 be changed, failed. That is, when 5 termites of 12 were kept 

 17 hours in close proximity to hundreds of 13 by caging them 

 in a small hole in sugar cane covered with bolting cloth, in a 

 bowl inhabited by 13, the separate workers and soldiers taken 

 from the cane cage and tested all reacted amicably to 12 and 

 hostile to 13, apparently just as if they had not been near the 

 aliens. In some cases a termite returned to its fellows after 

 fighting with aliens was attacked mildly by its fellows. This 

 may have been due to infection amidst the aliens or to response 

 to the wounds the termite may have received. After 4 days 

 the above mixed colony was reduced chiefly to the component 

 12 by death of many 13, but this was not due to renewed fight- 

 ing since there was a corresponding large mortality of 13 in 

 the pure colony. 



Then some young, 2 mm. long, from the mixture and seme 

 soldiers with white heads were also attacked in 13; being too 

 old to expect immunity. 



Bearing also upon these responses to aliens as opposed to 

 members of a community are the responses to dead termites 

 and to fragments and to mutilated individuals. As above 

 noted the dead queen may evoke the same sort of responses 

 as the live queen, for a time at least, but sometimes the response 

 to the dead and wounded may be combined with the reactions 

 exhibited in arcade building. When a mass of crushed termites 

 was placed amidst aliens they responded by snapping the man- 

 dibles and in some cases the workers also turned about and 

 deposited excreta upon it. In this case the use of mandibles 

 and of excreta suggested that seen in the building of arcades, 

 and the response w^as different from that to living aliens. 



Mutilated aliens and pieces of them usually escape attack if 

 they do not move. Thus when the antennae of a winged termite 

 were cut off the termite was rarely attacked amidst aliens unless 

 it had so far recovered as to walk or w^as made to move by being 

 shoved with the forceps. (The loss of the antennae produces 

 a state of inaction only slowly recovered from.) In the same 

 way a soldier with its antennae cut off to the third joint and 



