130 E. S. BOGARDUS AND F. G. HENKE 



In other words, since two corners have been turned with only 

 one contact, the rat has been checked up with only fifty per 

 cent, of contact in these cases. Inasmuch as the two corners 

 were so close together, they became one to the rat, and the 

 fifty per cent, in such instances really represents one hundred 

 per cent, of contact. Our method of counting the corners as 

 given above was due to the fact that often the rats actually 

 touched both corners. It was not feasible sometimes to count 

 two corners as one and sometimes as two. Since there are a 

 large proportion of these double corners in the normal pathway 

 of maze I, the percentage of the corners with which the rat 

 came into contact has been lowered considerably by our method 

 of enumeration; ninety per cent, probably is not too high an 

 estimate for the first run. This seems to indicate that in acquir- 

 ing the kinaesthetic and organic sensations which the rat later 

 utilizes in running the maze, tactual sensations are more impor- 

 tant than smell or vision. 



(2) In the second place, the table shows that there is a striking 

 correlation between the number of corners touched and the 

 number of errors. Curves I and II, fig. 4, give a graphic repre- 

 sentation, making the correlation more obvious. This indicates 

 that as soon as the running ceases temporarily to be automatic 

 and errors are made, the number of contacts forthwith is increased 

 and tactual sensations are used until the animal has run at least 

 a unit of the maze and_ the automatic kinaesthetic and organic 

 control is re-instated. 



(3) There is also a general correlation between the increase 

 and decrease of time and the number of contacts. In run 4 (see 

 table I) the average time was .90 minute and the number of 

 contacts 18.2; in run 6, the average time rose to 2.40 and the 

 contacts rose to 30. The rise in time at the ninth run is accounted 

 for by the fact that rat 5 halted and took four minutes to run 

 the maze. This correlation is in harmony with the theory that 

 tactual sensations are of first importance in learning the maze. 



(4) The table shows that when the maze is learned, contact 

 at the corners is no longer necessary. According to our obser- 

 vations, what holds true of the contact at the corners applies 

 to the contacts with the sides of the pathway between the 

 corners. 



After the five normal rats had learned maze I, six female 



