LABYRINTH HABITS OF THE PIGEON 



281 



Figure 4 represents a ground plan of the cage and boxes. 

 The nest boxes are at A; L is the general position of the laby- 

 rinths in the normal learning and memory series; E and F are 

 the " entrance " and the " food " boxes respectively; SS is the 

 door of the cage. It served also as a screen behind which the 

 experimenter sat. Strings ran from the screen over the top 

 of the cage and connected with sliding doors at E and F. At 

 the close of each day's experiments, the maze was covered with 

 boards to prevent any chance learning by the birds when walk- 

 ing about, on top of the maze. 



Figure 4 — Ground plan of the cage and several boxes used. 



Eight pigeons were used in the course of these experiments, 

 four males (nos. 2, 4, 6 and 7) and four females (nos. i, 3, 5 and 

 8). None were over a year old. Nos. 3 and i were not more 

 than three months old when the work began. The birds were 

 kept in the large outdoor wire cage described above, and in 

 this cage the experiments were conducted. 



Throughout the course of these tests work was begun suffi- 

 ciently early in the morning to eliminate the most troublesome 

 noises encountered in outdoor work in the city. The time of 

 working served also to prevent shadows falling upon the maze. 



