412 C. H. TURNER 



gives no proof of this other than that a certain^ species has a 

 variety of ways of emitting the light. 



N. Criddle ^^ records some field observations upon the larvae 

 of several tiger beetles found in the neighborhood of Ameme, 

 Manitoba. He finds that their behavior is much influenced 

 by the climate. When the fall is dry and hot, they go into 

 winter quarters much sooner than when it is cold; and the hot 

 summer days arfe much preferred for commencing the winter 

 home. He also reports that the larvae at that place differ from 

 the larvae of similar species of the Chicago neighborhood in 

 spending two winters in the larval stage instead of one. He 

 attributes this to the fact that in the summer time there are 

 long periods of inactivity and no appreciable growth, when 

 the larva closes up its burrow and fasts. This is not a case of 

 perfect aestivation, for a few open up their holes at night, cast 

 out dirt and then reseal them. 



Sanders " has discovered that the larva of Amara caranata is 

 a host of Disogmiis pubescens. The parasite breaks through 

 the ventral wall of its host and forms chrysalids attached to 

 the posterior end of the larvae. The chrysalids were found be- 

 tween the tenth and the fourteenth of May, and the adults 

 emerged on the twenty-eighth. He thinks this is the first 

 time that the host of this species has been discovered. 



By the following experiments Mitzmain '* demonstrated that 

 the rodent fleas are not attracted by meat as a bait. Twelve 

 pieces of tanglefoot fly paper were arranged in pairs, in three 

 rooms of a dwelling that was infested with fleas. Each paper 

 of any pair was equally illuminated and one sheet of each pair 

 was supplied with fresh cow's liver. At the end of the third 

 day the papers were collected and the number of fleas on 

 each recorded. Four months later the experiment was repeated. 

 In the first experiment, nineteen fleas were found on the blank 

 paper and fourteen upon the one that supported the meat; 

 in the second experiment, sixty-one fleas were found on each 

 sheet of paper. 



Mclndoo '2 reports that the cave spiders feed on flies, myri- 

 opods, and arachnids, and that they do not drink. He attributes 

 this failure to drink to the great humidity of the air in which 

 they live. Scarcity of food does not entirely limit their dis- 

 tribution. 



