ZOOLOGY AND BO IAN Y, MICKOSCOPY, ETC. 53 



young chickens the young worms were found in the lungs witliin a 

 week. The two sexes are coupled while still very small (2 • 25 mm. in 

 length). The females were mature in the trachea (15 mm. long) two 

 weeks after the eggs from which they developed were swallowed. 



J. A. T. 



Leucochloridium problematicum. — T. B. Magath {Proc. Amer. 

 Soc. Zool. in Anat. Record, 1920, 17, B3;3— t). This is a new species of 

 a remarkable genus, found in Planorlns trivolvis and Succinea return in 

 Iowa. The sporocysts are I'J: cm. long and 0'33 cm. wide, pointed at 

 both ends, markedly different from those of the European L. macrostomum. 

 The mature sporocyst projects from the tentacle of the snail and is 

 connected to immature ones in the liver. Inside a sporocyst are about 

 one hundred larva;, 2 '2 mm. in length, with oral and ventral suckers. 

 An interesting feature is that Laurer's canal opens into the excretory 

 duct near the excretory pore. ■ J- A. T. 



Cercaria of Japanese Blood Fluke. — William W. Cort {Univ. 

 California FuMimiions, Zoologij, 1919, 18, 485-507, 3 figs.). The 

 cercarijB of )Schistosoma japonicum Katsurada are very variable in 

 length, accordinir to the degree of extension. The body may be 0*9 to 

 0'21 mm. The whole surface of the body and the tail is covered with 

 backward-pointing cuticular spines. Beneath the delicate cuticula are 

 outer circular and inner longitudinal layers of muscles, and inside these 

 a very thin layer of parenchymatous tissue enswathing the organs. The 

 tail is an effective muscular organ, readily lost when the cercaria begins 

 to penetiate into its host. A description is given of the excretory 

 system, of the bilobed central nervous system, of the very rudimentary 

 digestive system, of the oral sucker and cephalic glands. When freed 

 from the sporocyst the cercaria swims in the water for a short time, 

 vibrating both the body and the tail. If it touches a surface it im- 

 mediately adheres and starts a looping movement — an alternate taking 

 bold and loosening of the ventral sucker and the anterior tip. It butts 

 with the spines at the tip and produces a slight opening in tissue. The 

 cephalic glands appear to have a cytolytic action. In short the larvs 

 is well adapted to penetrate the skin of its definitive host. As is well 

 known it enters the skin of men working in the rice-fields. J. A. T. 



Excretory System of a Stylet Cercaria.— William W. Cort 

 {Univ. ('aliforma Fublications, Zoolut/i/, 1919, 19, 275-.S1, 1 fig,). An 

 account of the excretory system of Cercaria polyadena Cort from various 

 species of Lymnsea. The method of division of the capillary groups 

 supports the hypothesis that each capillary group is formed in the 

 development of the system by longitudinal divisions of a single flame 

 cell. According to this hypothesis an excretory system of the fully 

 developed Cercaria pah/adena passed through a' stagr^ in which it was 

 composed only of the bladder, the common collecting tubes, and the 

 anterior and postei'ior collecting tubes, each of which received three 

 capillaries from three flame cells, making a total of twelve flame cells. 

 The capillaries of these flame cells would correspond to the accessory 



