184 SUMMARY OF CUREENT KKSEAKCHES RELATING TO . 



new species : — SijUis {7)/posi/Uis) pectinans, S. (T.) truncata, S. (T.) 

 . punctulata, S. {T.)2)arturieiis (viviparous, like S. vivipara), S. {T.) augeneri, 

 and PionsylUs melsenofiephra. The memoir is very well illustrated. 



J. A. T. 



Nematohelminthes. 



New Grenus of Nematodes from Elephants. — H. A. Bayliss 

 {Parasitology, 1921, 13, 57-66, 7 figs.). AVhat Baird took to be the 

 female of Sderostoma dathratum appears to be a worm of Spirnrid 

 affinities. To include both and Filar in smithii, the genus Habronema 

 is established. The diagnosis includes the following features : — 

 Polymyariau, paired lateral lips with papilla, six horseshoe-shaped 

 cuticular auricular appendages on the head, slender body, the tail of the 

 male coiled ventrally into a spiral and provided near the extremity with 

 lateral alar expansions, the spicules markedly unequal, the posterior 

 papillae complicated, the female considerably larger than the male, the 

 tail of the female short, conically pointed or blunt and characteristically 

 curved towards the dorsal side, the vulva near the posterior end of the 

 oesophagus, the uterus with immense numbers of embryos not enclosed 

 in a hard egg-shell. J. A. T. 



Gnathostomid Nematodes. — H. A. Bayliss and Clayton Lane 

 (Froc. Zool. Soc. London, 1920, 245-810, 8 pis., 40 figs.). The chief 

 family characteristic is the possession of a pair of large, fleshy, trilobed, 

 lateral lips. Each lip is provided externally with three papillaj, while 

 internally its cuticle is thickened and frequently raised into tooth -like 

 prominences in the form of longitudinal ridges, which either meet or 

 interlock with those of the other lip. The oesophagus is a muscular club 

 with the usual valves where it opens into the intestine. A pair of 

 cervical papillge, usually not prominent, is always present in both sexes, 

 and the tail of the female is always provided with a small pair of lateral 

 papillae. The male has more or less well-developed caudal alas and two 

 spicules, usually with characteristic ornamentation. The parasites are 

 in the alimentary canal (of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes), usually 

 anteriorly, often burrowing in the tissues, sometimes causing tumours, 

 sometimes merely holding firm. One genus {Gnathostoma) is a rare, 

 probably abnormal parasite in man, in the subcutaneous connective 

 tissue, not in the alimentary canal. The sub-family Gnathostominas 

 (with head-bulb, ballonets and cervical sacs) includes the genera Ta/iqua, 

 Echinocephalus and Gnathostoma ; the sub-family Spiroxyins (without 

 head-bulb, ballonets or cervical sacs) includes the single genus Spiroxys. 



J. A. t: 



Platyhelminthes. 



New Tapeworms from the Ostrich. — F. J. Meggitt (Farasitology, 

 1921, 13, 1-24, 1 pL, 2 figs.). A description of Davainea heddardi sp. n. 

 from Struthio camelus, and i). linstotvis]). n. from Struthio molyhdophancs. 

 A revision of the genus Davainea, with a list of species and their hosts. 

 The genus may be defined : — Treniodea, scolex with simple rostellum 

 armed with a double row of very numerous and generally very small 



