ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICKOSCOPY, ETC. 259 



c. General. 



• 



Blood of Marine Animals. — Gr. Quagliariello {Puhl. Staz. Zool. 

 NapoU, 1918, 1, 21-9). With few exceptions the blood of marine 

 animals, both verteljrates and invertebrates, has a slightly alkaline 

 reaction. In Coelentera (Alojonium digitatum) the fluid in the canals 

 (it seems a pity to call it " blood ") has a much higher degree of 

 alkalinity. In Tunicates the reaction is slightly acid. Formulae are 

 given. J. A. T. 



Luminous Animals. — G. Zirpolo {Rivista Sci. Nat. " Natura" 

 1919, 10, 60-72, 6 figs.). Following Pierantoni, the author calls 

 attention to the presence of photogenic symbiotic bacteria in various 

 animals, e.g. Sepiola intermedia, Ro?ideletia minor and iSej^ia officinalis. 

 He maintains that the " phosphorescence " of certain animals is due to 



Photograph of branched culture of a photogenic bacterium from Sepia 



(Bacillus sepise Zirpolo). 



their symbions, rather than to themselves. He has found the bacteria 

 in the luminous organs of some Cephalopods, and he has injected the 

 bacteria into Carcinus msenas, causing luminescence for about ten days, 

 into Sepia officinalis, causing lumitiescence for three days, and into star- 

 fishes. J. A. T. 



Endolymphatic Sac and Canal in Pigeon. — ^(Ieorges Portmann 

 {Oompfes Rendus Sac. Bioh, 1920, 83, 1488-90, 1 fig.). The endo- 

 lymphatic sac, the endolymphatic canal, and the sacculus really form 

 one cavity, elongated vertically, with the two ends slightly dilated. 

 The one end is the intra-cranial sac ; the other end is the intra- 

 vestibular saccule. The whole is distinctly separate from the adjacent 

 utriculus and cochlear canal, with which they communicate only by short 



