94 CHENOPODIACEAE 



5-30 cm. high, the joints 2-3 mm. thick. Scales triangular-ovate, sharply mucronate; flowering 

 spikes 1-5 cm. long, 4^6 mm. thick, the joints as thick or thicker than long; central flower 

 slightly higher than the lateral ones, reaching nearly to the end of the joint; utricle pubescent 

 with short curved hairs. 



Salt marshes along the coast; San Diego, California; also on the Atlantic Coast. Type locality: salt marshes, 

 vicinity of Boston, Massachusetts. Aug.-Nov. 



4. Salicornia europaea L. Slender Glasswort. Fig. 1547. 



Salicornia europaea L. Sp. PI. 3. 1753. 



S. europaea var. herbacea L. loc. cit. 



Salicornia herbacea L. Sp. PI. ed. 2. 5. 1762. 



Salicornia rubra A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 122. 1899. 



An erect annual, the stem usually simple at base, much branched above, 5-45 cm. high, the 

 joints slender, 1-2.5 mm. thick, often turning reddish in age; flowering spikes 2.5-6 cm. long, 

 1.5-3 mm. thick, tapering above, longer than thick; central flower higher than the two lateral 

 ones, reaching nearly to the end of the joint ; utricle pubescent with curved hairs. 



Salt marshes and alkaline flats, Boreal and Austral Zones; in the Pacific States occurring in Modoc County, 

 and Tehachapi Valley, California, ranging from western Nevada to the Great Plains; also on the coast of Alaska 

 and British Columbia, the northern Atlantic Coast and the Old World. Type locality: seashores of Europe. 

 July-Oct. The plants of the Great Basin and Great Plains regions are considered distinct by some botanists. 



5. Salicornia depressa Standley. San Diego Glasswort. Fig. 1548. 



Salicornia depressa Standley, N. Amer. Fl. 21: 85. 1916. 



Annual, prostrate and densely branched, the main branches 5-15 cm. long, the lateral 

 branches widely spreading and rigid, their joints about 2 mm. thick. Scales rounded or acutish; 

 flowering spikes 2-2.5 mm. thick and 15^5 mm. long; the middle flower almost entirely above 

 the lateral ones ; utricle pubescent with short hairs. 



Salt marshes along the coast, Sonoran Zones; San Diego, California, southward into Lower California. Type 

 locality: San Diego, California. Aug.-Nov. 



16. SARCOBATUS Nees in Max. Reise N. Amer. 1 : 510. 1839. 



Much branched monoecious or dioecious shrubs, with spinescent branches. Leaves 

 alternate or opposite, sessile, linear, fleshy. Staminate flowers spirally arranged in 

 slender peduncled ament-like spikes, without perianth ; stamens 2-3, covered by a peltate 

 stipitate scarious scale. Pistillate flowers sessile, 1 or 2 in the axils of the leaves ; calyx 

 compressed, ovoid or oblong, adnate to the base of the 2 subulate recurved stigmas. Fruit 

 coriaceous with a broad scarious horizontal crenulate wing near the middle, the lower part 

 turbinate, the upper conical. Seed erect, orbicular; embryo spirally coiled; endosperm 

 none. [Name Greek, meaning flesh-thorn, in reference to the fleshy leaves and thorny 

 stems.] 



One or possibly two species, natives of western North America. Type species, Sarcobatus Ma.rimilianii Nees. 



1. Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. Greasewood. Fig. 1549. 



Batis vermiculatus Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 128. 1838. 



Sarcobatus Maximilianii Nees in Max. Reise N. Amer. 1: 510. 1839. 



Fremontia vermicularis Torr. in Frem. Rep. 91. 1843. 



Sarcobatus vermiculatus Torr. in Emory, Notes Mil. Rec. 150. 1848. 



Shrub 5-30 dm. high, the branches stout, stramineous, the older ones with grayish bark and 

 yellow wood, the branchlets spreading or ascending, becoming rigid and spinescent. Leaves 

 narrowly linear, 15-40 mm. long, obtuse or acutish at apex, narrowed at base, glabrous or 

 sparsely stellate-puberulent when young ; staminate spikes cylindric, 6-20 mm. long, 3-4 mm. in 

 diameter ; wing of the fruiting calyx 8-12 mm. broad, prominently veined, glabrous or sparsely 

 stellate-puberulent. 



Alkaline soils, Sonoran Zones; in the Pacific States occurring east of the Cascade-Sierra Divide from eastern 

 Washington to southern California, and extending eastward to Alberta, North Dakota, and New Mexico. June- 

 Aug. 



Sarcobatus Baileyi Coville, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 7: 77. 1892. Branchlets, leaves, and fruits minutely 

 pubescent or finally glabrate. This species is probably best considered as a mere form of the preceding from 

 which it does not seem possible to distinguish it by any constant characters. The range extends from the southern 

 California deserts and Nevada to southern Colorado. 



17. SUAEDA Forsk. Fl. Aegypt. 69. 1775. 



Annual or perennial herbs, or shrubs, more or less fleshy. Leaves alternate, narrow 

 and often terete. Flowers perfect or polygamous, clustered in the upper axils or some- 

 times solitary, bracteate. Calyx 5-parted or 5-cleft, the lobes narrow, keeled or narrowly 

 winged on the back in age. Stamens 5, with short filaments. Ovary subglobose or de- 

 pressed; styles usually 2. Utricle enclosed by the infolding sepals; seed horizontal or 

 vertical; endosperm none or scanty; embryo coiled into a flat spiral. [Name Arabic] 



About 50 species, of wide geographical distribution. Type species, Suaeda vera Forsk. Dondia Adans. 

 (1763) has priority, but the name Suaeda has been conserved by the International Rules of Nomenclature. 



