GOOSEFOOT FAMILY 91 



by 3's or 5's in the axils, fleshy peltate bracts forming dense cylindric spikes. Perianth 

 small, angled, truncate at apex or 4-5-lobed, narrowed to the base, similar in fruit. Sta- 

 mens' 1 or 2; exserted. Stigmas 2 or rarely 3, short, usually distinct. Utricle ovoid, 

 compressed, with a free membranous pericarp. Seed erect, oblong, smooth ; embryo partly 

 enclosing the copious endosperm; radicle inferior. [Name in honor of Allen Rolfe, Eng- 

 lish botanist.] 



A monotypic genus of western North America. 



1. Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze. Iodine Bush. Fig. 1543. 



Halostachys occidentalis S. Wats. Bot. King Expl. 293. 1871. 

 Spirostachys occidentalis S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 9: 125. 1874. 

 Allenrolfea occidentalis Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 2: 545. 1891. 

 Salicornia occidentalis Greene, Fl. Fran. 173. 1891. 



Erect shrub or half-shrub, 5-20 dm. high, woody below or nearly throughout, the younger 

 branches fleshy, more or less glaucous, 1-3 mm. thick, their joints 2-10 mm. long. Leaves small, 

 scale-like, broadly triangular, acute or acutish, early deciduous or obsolete; spikes numerous, 

 5-25 mm. long; calyx closely enclosing the utricle in fruit; seed about 0.6 mm. long, brown. 



Alkaline soils, Sonoran Zones; San Joaquin Valley and Inyo County, California, south through the desert 

 regions to northern Lower California, east to Utah, Texas, and Sonora. Type locality: about Great Salt Lake, 

 Utah. June- Aug. 



15. SALICORNIA L. Sp. PI. 3. 1753. 



Annual or perennial herbs or often suffrutescent, the branches numerous, fleshy, op- 

 posite and pointed, with short internodes. Leaves opposite, reduced and scale-like. Flow- 

 ers perfect or polygamo-dioecious, in cylindric fleshy spikes, made up of very short 

 internodes, with the flowers sunk in groups of 3-7 on opposite sides of the joints. Calyx 

 fleshy, with a truncate or 3-4-toothed margin. Stamens 2, rarely 1 ; anthers exserted 

 on short slender or subulate filaments. Utricle oblong or ovoid, included inthe spongy 

 calyx. Seeds erect; endosperm none; embryo conduplicate, the radicle inferior. [Name 

 Greek, meaning salt-horn, from the saline habitat and the horn-like branches.] 



About 10 species, of world-wide distribution and inhabiting moist saline or alkaline soils. Type species, 

 Salicornia europaea L. 



Perennials with creeping rootstocks. 



Spikes broader than the stems; seeds glabrous. 1. S. subterminalis. 



Spikes slender, not broader than the stems; seeds pubescent. 2. 6". ambigua. 



Annuals. 



Plants erect, usually simple at the base, the branches ascending. 



Bracts mucronate; spikes 4-6 mm. thick. 3. S. Bigelovii. 



Bracts rounded or acutish, not mucronate; spikes 1.5-4 mm. thick. 4. 5. europaea. 



Plants with the lower branches elongated and prostrate. 5. S. depressa. 



1. Salicornia subterminalis Parish. Parish's Glasswort. Fig. 1544. 



Salicornia subterminalis Parish, Erythea 6: 87. 1898. 



Arthocnemum subterminale Standley, Journ. Wash. Acad. 4: 399. 1914. 



Perennial, the principal branches somewhat woody, decumbent, 2-5 dm. long, the secondary 

 branches ascending or erect, 2-3 dm. high. Branchlets numerous and crowded, slender, 2-3 mm. 

 in diameter, the joints 5-15 mm. long, terminating in a truncate or bilobate sheath; the flowering 

 joints occurring on the lower part of the branchlets or usually subterminal, 1.5-5 cm. long, a 

 little thicker than the branchlets; the joints shorter than thick; flowers subequal; achenes 

 glabrous. 



Salt marshes along the coast; Sonoran and Tropical Zones; San Francisco Bay, California, to Sinaloa, 

 Mexico. In southern California occasionally in alkaline soils of the interior valleys. Type locality: San Jacinto 

 River, Riverside County, California. April-Sept. 



2. Salicornia ambigua Michx. Woody Glasswort, Pickleweed. Fig. 1545. 



Salicornia ambigua Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 2. 1803. 

 Salicornia pacifica Standley, N. Amer. Fl. 21: 83. 1916. 



Perennial, the stems several, suffrutescent at base, 2-6 dm. long, decumbent, not rooting or 

 prostrate, the branches stout, erect or ascending, their joints 6-20 mm. long, 2-4.5 mm. thick. 

 Sheaths rounded or with acutish lobes; flowering spikes 15-40 mm. long, about 3 mm. thick, the 

 central flower but little higher than the two lateral ones; utricle brown, covered with short 

 slender curved hairs. 



Salt marshes along the coast, and in the interior valleys, Boreal and Austral Zones; extending from British 

 Columbia to Sonora; also on the Atlantic Coast. Type locality: "Carolina." Aug.-Oct. 



3. Salicornia Bigelovii Torr. Bigelow's Glasswort. Fig. 1546. 



Salicornia mucronata Bigelow, Fl. Bost. ed. 2. 2. 1824. Not Lag. 1817. 

 Salicornia Bigelovii Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 184. 1859. 



Annual, the stem erect, with few to many erect branches above the usually simple base, 



