GOOSEFOOT FAMILY 89 



9. GRAYIA Hook. & Am. Bot. Beechey 387. 1840. 



Much branched usually spiny shrubs, with stellate-scurfy pubescence. Leaves rather 

 fleshy, alternate, sessile and entire. Flowers unisexual and usually dioecious. Staminate 

 flowers bractless, more or less glomerate; calyx 4-5-parted, membranaceous; stamens 

 4—5; pistillate flowers racemose, bracteolate; calyx none; stigmas 2; ovule erect. Utricle 

 compressed, included in the accrescent bracts; seed free from the pericarp, orbicular; 

 embryo annular; radicle inferior. [Name in honor of Asa Gray (1810-1888), American 

 botanist.] 



Two species, natives of the arid regions of western United States. Type species, Grayia spinosa (Hook.) Moq. 



1. Grayia spinosa (Hook.) Moq. Grayia or Hop Sage. Fig. 1537. 



Chenopodiutn spinosum Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 127. 1838. 

 Grayia polygaloides Hook & Arn. Bot. Beechey 388. 1840. 

 Grayia spinosa Moq. in DC. Prod. 13 2 : 119. 1849. 

 Eremosemium spinosum Greene, Pittonia 4: 255. 1900. 



An erect, much branched shrub, 3-12 dm. high, the branches ascending or spreading, sparsely 

 stellate-scurfy when young, older stems with dark gray bark, branchlets mostly divergent, be- 

 coming rigid and spinescent. Leaves oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate, 5-40 mm. long, stel- 

 late-scurfy on both surfaces when young, usually glabrate in age ; flowers in dense, crowded 

 terminal spikes; fruiting bracts broadly obovate to orbicular, 4—15 mm. long, glabrous, often 

 tinged with red, the broad dorsal wings thin, entire. 



Usually in rocky or sandy soils on dry plains and hills, mainly Upper Sonoran Zone; in the Pacific States 

 occurring east of the Cascade— Sierra Nevada Divide, and ranging from southeastern Washington to the Colorado 

 Desert, California, and eastward to Wyoming, Colorado, and northern Arizona. Type locality: "interior of 

 North California." Collected by Douglas in 1826, probably in the Columbia Basin of eastern Washington. April- 

 June. 



10. EUROTIA Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 260. 1763. 



Low shrubs clothed with a dense stellate pubescence. Leaves alternate, slender, entire. 

 Flowers monoecious or dioecious in small axillary clusters. Staminate flowers without 

 bracts; calyx 4-parted, stamens 4. Pistillate flowers 2-bracteolate; bracts united to the 

 apex, densely covered with long silky hairs, 2-horned; calyx none; styles 2, elongated; 

 ovary ovoid. Seeds vertical, obovoid; radicle inferior. [Name Greek, meaning mould, 

 in reference to the hoariness.] 



A genus of two known species, the following and Eurotia ceratoides (L.) C. A. Mey. of Asia which is the 

 type of the genus. 



1. Eurotia lanata (Pursh) Moq. Winter Fat, Romeria. Fig. 1538. 



Diotis lanata Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 602. 1814. 



Eurotia lanata Moq. Enum. Chenop. 81. 1840. 



Eurotia subspinosa Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 312. 1912. 



Low, erect shrub, 3-9 dm. high, with erect branches, hoary with a dense stellate pubescence 

 usually with intermingling long- villous hairs. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 15-50 mm. 

 long, the margins entire and revolute, sessile or short-petioled ; flowers monoecious, densely clus- 

 tered in the upper axils; fruiting bracts lanceolate, 5-8 mm. long, densely villous; calyx-lobes 

 pubescent, scarious-margined ; seeds readily separable from the pericarp. 



Dry rocky or sandy soils, Sonoran Zones; in the Pacific States occurring east of the Cascade-Sierra 

 Nevada Divide and extending from eastern Washington to southern California, eastward to Saskatchewan, Texas, 

 and Sonora. Type locality: "On the banks of the Missouri, in open places." Collected by Lewis and Clark. 

 March-June. 



11. KOCHIA Roth in Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1 : 307. pi 2. 1801. 



Herbs or low shrubs, with alternate or opposite, narrow entire leaves. Flowers per- 

 fect, often with pistillate ones intermixed, clustered in the axils or sometimes solitary. 

 Calyx 5-lobed, the lobes incurved, in age developing a membranaceous horizontal wing 

 on the lobes or the tube. Stamens 5, exserted. Stigmas 2 or 3. Utricle depressed-globose, 

 the pericarp free from the horizontal seed. Embryo annular, surrounding the scanty 

 endosperm. [Name in honor of W. D. J. Koch (1771-1849), director of the Botanical 

 Garden at Erlangen.] 



About 35 species, all but the following native of the Old World. Type species, Kochia scoparia (L.) Roth. 



Flowering stems simple or nearly so; leaves nearly terete, about 1 mm. wide. 1. K. atnericana. 



Flowering stems much branched; leaves flat, 1-3 mm. wide. 2. K. calif ornica. 



1. Kochia americana S. Wats. Red Sage. Fig. 1539. 



Kochia americana S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 9: 93. 1874. 

 Kochia americana var. vestita S. Wats. loc. cit. 



Perennial, with a stout woody root and a branched woody crown, the seasonal leafy branches 



