154 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 



as petals. Capsule subglobose, fleshy, dehiscent by 3-5 entire valves. Seeds obovoid, not 

 strophiolate. [Name in honor of Gerhart August Honckeny, German botanist of the 18th 

 century.] 



A single polymorphic species of the arctic and cool north temperate regions. Type species, Honkenya 

 peploidet (L.) Ehrh. 



1. Honkenya peploides var. major Hook. Sea-beach Sandwort. Fig. 1703. 



Arenaria peploides var. major Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 102. 1830. 



Arenaria oblongifolia Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 176. 1838. 



Honkenya sitchensis D. Dietr. Syn. PI. 2: 1S6S. 1839-52. 



Ammodenia peploides subsp. major Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 260. 1906. 



Ammodenia major Heller, Cat. N. Amer. PI. 4. 1898. 



Minuartia peploides subsp. major Mattf. Bot. Jahrb. 57. Beibl. 126: 27. 1921. 



Plants very fleshy, light green and glabrous, 1-3 dm. high. Leaves ovate to obovate or oblong - 



obovate, 15-25 mm. long ; flowers solitary in the axils, subsessile on stout pedicels ; sepals ovate 



to ovate-lanceolate, 4-6 mm. long ; petals entire, slightly exceeding the sepals ; capsule globose, 



exceeding the sepals ; seeds smooth. 



Seashore, Boreal Zones; this variety inhabits the Pacific shores from southern Alaska to Oregon. Type 

 locality: "De Fuca's Straits." May— July. The typical species is known only from the arctic regions. 



8. SPERGULA L. Sp. PI. 440. 1753. 



Annual herbs, with subulate stipulate leaves, much fascicled in the axils. Flowers 

 white, in terminal cymes. Sepals and petals 5, the latter entire. Stamens 5 or 10. Styles 3, 

 alternate with the sepals. Capsule dehiscent by 5 valves, opposite the sepals ; seeds com- 

 pressed, acutely margined or winged. [Name Latin, meaning to scatter.] 



An Old World genus of two or three species. Type species, Spergula arvensis L. 



1. Spergula arvensis L. Spurry. Fig. 1704. 



Spergula arvensis L. Sp. PI. 440. 1753. 



Spergula ramosissima Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 174. 1838. 



Stems slender, erect or ascending, branching from the base, 15-45 cm. high, glabrous or more 

 or less glandular-pubescent. Leaves narrowly linear or subulate, slightly fleshy, 2-5 cm. long, in 

 whorl-like fascicles at the nodes ; stipules minute, connate ; flowers in loose terminal paniculate 

 cymes ; pedicels slender, often reflexed in fruit ; sepals ovate, 3-4 mm. long ; petals equaling or 

 slightly exceeding the sepals; stamens 10 or sometimes only 5; capsule ovoid, slightly exceeding 

 the sepals ; seeds roughened, acutely angled. 



A widespread weed; common in cultivated grounds in the Pacific States. Native of Europe. April- Aug. 



9. SPERGULARIA Pers. Syn. PI. 1: 504. 1805. 



Low branching annual or perennial herbs, with linear, fleshy or setaceous leaves, and 

 scarious stipules. Flowers pink or whitish, in terminal, racemose, bracted or leafy cymes. 

 Sepals 5. Petals of the same number, fewer or sometimes wanting, entire. Stamens 2-10. 

 Ovary 1-celled, many-ovuled; styles 3. Capsule 3-valved to the base. Seeds reniform- 

 globose or compressed, smooth or roughened, often finely sculptured, sometimes winged. 

 [Name a derivative of Spergula.'] 



About 40 species mostly inhabiting saline soils, and of wide geographic distribution. Type species, Spergularia 

 rubra (L.) Pers. 



Leaves not fascicled or occasionally some of the nodes with one or two axillary leaves; stipules deltoid, scarcely 

 acuminate. 

 Seeds brown; branches of the inflorescence not divaricate. 

 Seeds minute, 0.4-0.5 mm. long. 



Plants glabrous; cyme open; stamens 5. 1. 5. platensis. 



Plants at least the inflorescence glandular-pubescent; cyme densely flowered; stamens 6-10. 



2. 5". Bocconei. 

 Seeds 0.6-1.4 mm. long. 



Stamens 2-5. 



Seeds 0.9-1.4 mm. long, not papillose, often with an erose whitish wing. 



3. S. canadensis occidentalis. 



Seeds 0.6-0.8 mm. long, papillose and without wings. 4. S. marina. 



Stamens 9—10; seeds smooth, usually winged. 5. 5*. media. 



Seeds black. 



Capsule equal to 0.5 mm. longer than the sepals; seeds pyriform, 0.4-0.5 mm. long, not iridescent. 



6. 5". diandra. 



Capsule 0.6-1.4 mm. longer than the sepals; seeds rounded, 0.6-0.8 mm. long, often iridescent. 



7. 5". atrosperma. 

 Leaves densely fascicled; stipules lanceolate-acuminate. 



Annuals; seeds not winged, distinctly reticulate. 8. S. rubra. 

 Perennials; seeds smooth, commonly winged. 



Seeds black, usually papillate; capsule slender, 4-6 mm. long. 9. S. villosa. 



Seeds brown, never papillate; capsule ovoid, 6-9 mm. long. 10. S. macrotheca. 



