162 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 



Annual, hirsute with spreading jointed hairs, the stems erect, simple or branching, 1-5 dm. 

 high. Leaves spatulate, obtuse and mucronate, 20-45 mm. long ; inflorescence a one-sided termi- 

 nal raceme; pedicels short; calyx cylindric, 8-14 mm. long, becoming subglobose in fruit with 

 a contracted throat, the teeth short, lanceolate, spreading; petals small, scarcely exceeding the 

 calyx, tinged with pink or red, twisted one-fourth around, and more or less cohering at the base 

 of the blades, entire or slightly emarginate, appendages minute. 



Common wayside and garden weed throughout the Pacific States. Native of Europe. April-Oct. 



6. Silene acaulis L. Moss Campion. Fig. 1725. 



Cucubalus acaulis L. Sp. PI. 415. 1753. 

 Silene acaulis L. Sp. PI. ed. 2. 603. 1762. 



Perennial, puberulent or glabrous, the stems cespitose and densely matted, 5-12 cm. high. 

 Leaves crowded, linear, sessile, 5-20 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide, ciliate-serrulate ; flowers 

 solitary at the ends of the branches, sessile or on slender peduncles ; calyx campanulate, 8-9 mm. 

 long, glabrous, the teeth short and rounded ; petals purple or rarely white, entire or emarginate, 

 appendages minute. 



Rock crevices, Arctic- Alpine Zone; arctic America south to Mount Rainier, Washington, to northern Arizona 

 in the Rocky Mountains, and to Mount Washington in the eastern United States; also in arctic Eurasia. Type 

 locality : Lapland. June— Aug. 



7. Silene laciniata Cav. Southern or Fringed Indian Pink. Fig. 1726. 



Silene laciniata Cav. Ic. 6: 44. 1801. 

 Lychnis pulchra Cham. & Sch. Linnaea 5: 234. 

 Silene speciosa Paxton, Mag. Bot. 10: 219. 1843. 

 Silene simulans Greene, Pittonia 1 : 63. 1887. 



Perennial, finely pubescent and glandular, the stems simple and erect or branching from the 

 base and decumbent, 4-10 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, varying to oblanceo- 

 late or obovate, narrowed to a sessile base, 3-12 cm. long; flowers solitary or in few-flowered 

 panicles; calyx cylindric, 15-20 mm. long, the teeth 2 mm. long, obtuse; petals crimson, well 

 exserted, deeply 4-cleft, the lobes entire or bifid, appendages erect, denticulate; capsule oblong, 

 exserted; seeds papillate. 



Canyon slopes, Upper Sonoran Zone; San Luis Obispo County, California, to northern Lower California east 

 to New Mexico and Mexico. Type locality: in Pachuca, Real del Monte at Acapulco. May-June. 



8. Silene californica Durand. California Indian Pink. Fig. 1727. 



Silene californica Durand, Journ. Acad. Phila. II. 3: 83. 1855. 



Melandrium californicum Rohrb. Linnaea 36: 252. 1869-70. 



Silene laciniata var. californica A. Gray, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 7: 146. 1859. 



Silene Tilingii Regel, Act. Hort. Petrop. 1: 99. 1871. 



Perennial, puberulent and viscid-glandular, stems usually several from a stout taproot, erect 

 or decumbent, 1.5-3 dm. high. Leaves elliptic-ovate to oblanceolate, acuminate, 3-9 cm. long; 

 flowers solitary or in few- flowered clusters ; calyx cylindric, 15-20 mm. long, distended to obovoid 

 in fruit, the teeth lanceolate; petals crimson, much exserted, deeply 4-cleft, the middle lobes 

 broader, the outer narrower and shorter, all varying from entire to many-toothed, appendages 

 incurved, slightly denticulate ; capsule ovoid, shorter than the calyx ; seeds papillate. 



Open woods, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Coast Ranges from Curry County, Oregon, to Monterey 

 County, California, and in the Sierra Nevada to the Tehachapi Mountains. Type locality: near Nevada City, 

 Nevada County, California. May-July. 



9. Silene Hooked Nutt. Oregon or Hooker's Indian Pink. Fig. 1728. 



Silene Hookeri Nutt. in Torr. & Gray Fl. N. Amer. 1 : 193. 1838. 

 Melandrium Hookeri Rohrb. Linnaea 36: 253. 1869-70. 

 Silene Ingramii Tidestrom & Dayton, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 42: 207. 1929. 

 Silene pulverultrnta M. E. Peck, Torreya 32: 148. 1932. 



Perennial, finely grayish pubescent, the stems usually several from the base, erect or decum- 

 bent, slender, 7-25 cm. high. Leaves 3-8 cm. long, oblanceolate or spatulate, acute, attenuate at 

 base to a winged petiole ; flowers terminal or solitary in the upper axils ; pedicels slender, elon- 

 gated; calyx cylindric-funnelform, 12-18 mm. long; petals 25-30 mm. long, white or deep rose 

 pink, 4-lobed, the lobes usually 5-6 mm. long, entire, appendages emarginate or entire; capsule 

 globose-ovoid, stipitate ; seeds papillate. 



Open woods and grassy slopes, Transition Zone; Willamette Valley, Oregon, to the Siskiyou Mountains, 

 California. A form (S. Ingramii) with deep rose flowers is frequent in Douglas County, Oregon, Type locality: 

 "Woods of the Wahlamet, Oregon." April-July. 



Silene Hookeri subsp. Bolanderi (A. Gray) Abrams. (Silene Bolanderi A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 7: 

 330. 1868.) Flowers larger, the petals 35-40 mm. long, the limb 4-6-parted into narrowly anceolate segments 

 10-15 mm. long. This subspecies grows in open woods, Humid Transition Zone; Humboldt and Mendocino 

 Counties, California. 



10. Silene Parishii S. Wats. Parish's Campion. Fig. 1729. 



Silene Parishii S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 17 : 366. 1882. 



Perennial, finely grayish pubescent, the stems several from a thick taproot, slightly decumbent 

 at base, 10-25 cm. high. Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate, acuminate, 2-3 . 5 cm. long ; flowers 

 terminal or in the upper axils, in 1-4-flowered clusters; calyx broadly cylindric, yellowish, 15-20 



