170 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 



reduced ; flowers few, 1-5 ; calyx-tube purplish, broadly cylindric, becoming ovoid in fruit, 8-10 

 mm. long, the teeth broad ; petals rose, 2-cleft, each lobe with an elongated lateral tooth, ap- 

 pendages broad, entire or eroded, auricles narrow, truncate ; capsule ovoid, subsessile. 



High mountains above timberline, Arctic-Alpine Zone; Siskiyou County, California. Known from Preston 

 Peak, Mount Eddy, Mount Shasta, and Medicine Lake Mountains. Type locality: Mount Shasta, above timber 

 line and near snow. July-Aug. 



31. Silene Watsonii Robinson. Watson's Campion. Fig. 1750. 



Lychnis calif ornica S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 248. 1887. 

 Silene Watsonii Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. 28: 143. 1893. 

 Silene lacustris Eastw. Bot. Gaz. 41: 284. 1906. 



Perennial, nearly glabrous below, puberulent and glandular above, the stems cespitose, erect, 

 1-2.5 dm. high, slender. Lower leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 1.5-4 cm. long, the lower numer- 

 ous and crowded, the upper few, linear and reduced ; flowers 1-5, in a loose terminal cluster ; 

 calyx broadly cylindric, becoming ovoid in fruit, 10-15 mm. long, scarious between the purple, 

 more or less anastomosing veins, the teeth 3 mm. long, obtuse, scarious-margined ; petals whitish, 

 tipped with purple, their blades 2-3 mm. long, 2-cleft, each segment usually with a lateral tooth, 

 appendages quadrate, eroded ; capsule ovoid ; stipe 1-2 mm. long. 



High mountains, mostly above timber line, Hudsonian and Arctic- Alpine Zones; southern Cascade and Sis- 

 kiyou Mountains, Oregon, to the southern Sierra Nevada, California. Type locality: near Ebbett's Pass, Cali- 

 fornia. July-Sept. 



32. Silene Suksdorfii Robinson. Suksdorf's Campion. Fig. 1751. 



Silene Suksdorfii Robinson, Bot. Gaz. 16: 44. 1891. 



Perennial, densely short-pubescent and glandular above, the stems cespitose, 4-10 cm. high. 

 Lower leaves crowded, oblanceolate, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, acute, the upper few, 1-2 pairs, linear; 

 flowers 1-4; calyx broadly cylindric, ovoid in fruit, 10-12 mm. long, scarious between the purple 

 veins, the teeth broadly scarious-margined, obtuse ; petals white, the blades short, little exceeding 

 the calyx, shallowly bifid into entire or minutely eroded lobes, appendages obtuse to truncate at 

 apex ; capsule ovoid ; stipe 2-3 mm. long. 



High mountain slopes, above timber line, Arctic-Alpine Zone; Cascade Mountains from Mount Stuart, Wash- 

 ington, to The Three Sisters, Oregon. Type locality: Mount Adams (Paddo), Washington. July-Sept. 



14. LYCHNIS L. Sp. PL 436. 1753. 



Perennial erect herbs, with opposite leaves. Calyx 5-toothed, the tube varying from 

 tubular to inflated, 10-nerved. Petals 5, with a narrow elongated claw and an entire 2-cleft 

 or laciniate blade, often crowned. Stamens 10. Styles 5, rarely 4. Ovary 1-celled. Capsule 

 dehiscing by twice as many valves as styles. Seeds many. [Greek, meaning lamp, in allu- 

 sion to the flame color of some of the flowers.] 



About 35 species, inhabiting the north temperate and arctic zones. Type species, Lychnis chalcedonica L. 



Plants glandular-pubescent; flowers white or pinkish. 1. L. alba. 



Plants densely white-woolly; flowers crimson. 2. L. Coronaria. 



1. Lychnis alba Mill. White Campion. Fig. 1752. 



Lychnis alba Mill. Gard. Diet. ed. 8. no. 4. 1768. 

 Lychnis vespertina Sibth. Fl. Oxon. 146. 1794. 



Biennial, glandular-pubescent throughout, usually dioecious, the stems erect, freely branch- 

 ing, 3-6 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 3-7 cm. long, the lower narrowed to a 

 petiole, the upper sessile ; flowers in an open panicle, night-blooming, very fragrant ; calyx-tube 

 tubular, becoming distended in fruit, 10-12 mm. long, the teeth lanceolate-subulate, 5-6 mm. long; 

 petal-blades obovate, about 10 mm. long, 2-cleft, nearly erect. 



Low moist waste places, sparingly introduced in Washington and Oregon. Native of Europe. June-Aug. 



2. Lychnis Coronaria (L.) Desr. Mullein Pink. Fig. 1753. 



Agrostemma Coronaria L. Sp. PI. 436. 1753. 



Lychnis Coronaria Desr. in Lam. Encycl. 3: 643. 1789. 



Erect, densely white-woolly perennial, the stems stout, simple or branched, 3-8 dm. high. 



Leaves 5-10 cm. long, the lower spatulate with winged petioles, the upper oblong or lanceolate, 



sessile ; flowers few, in open terminal panicles, long-pedicelled ; calyx -tube oblong-campanulate, 



10-12 mm. long, the teeth subulate, twisted, shorter than the tube ; petals crimson. 



Roadsides and fields, an escape from gardens in Oregon and Washington. Native of Europe. June— Aug. 

 Rose Campion. 



15. VACCARIA Medic. Phil. Bot. 1: 96. 1789. 



Glabrous annuals with erect, dichotomously branching stems. Leaves opposite, ovate to 

 lanceolate, clasping. Flowers in terminal open cymes, slender-pedicelled, rather showy. 

 Calyx 5-toothed, tubular in flower, becoming sharply 5-angled and inflated in fruit. Petals 

 well exceeding the calyx, unappendaged, red or pink. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Capsule 



