CALYCANTHUS FAMILY 221 



1. Vancouveria hexandra (Hook.) Morr. & Dec. Northern 

 Vancouveria. Fig.. 1878. 



Epimedium hexandrum Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1 : 30. pi. 13. 1829. 

 Vancouveria hexandra Morr. & Dec. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 2: 351. 1834. 



Scapes glabrous above, pilose at base, usually exceeding the leaves. Leaves 1-4 dm. long, 

 deciduous, petioles slender ; leaflets 3-lobed, cordate at base, broadly ovate in outline, 2-6 cm. 

 long, thin, light green above, paler beneath and sparsely pubescent ; pedicles recurved, 3-4 cm. 

 long; flowers white; sepals and bractlets about 6 mm. long; filaments glandular-pubescent; body 

 of the follicle 8-10 mm. long, 6-seeded. 



Coniferous woods, usually in deep shade, Humid Transition Zone; valley of the Nesqually River, Wash- 

 ington, to Mendocino County, California. Type locality: Northwest Coast, collected by Menzies, the physician 

 and naturalist of the Vancouver expedition. May-June. In 1914 Greene (Rep. Spec. Nov. 13: 323) proposed 

 three segregates: V. brevicula, V. parvifolia and V. picta, based on trivial characters. 



2. Vancouveria chrysantha Greene. Yellow Vancouveria. Fig. 1879. 



Vancouveria chrysantha Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 66. 1885. 

 Vancouveria hexandra var. chrysantha Greene, Pittonia 2: 100. 1890. 



Scapes and petioles glandular-pilose. Leaves ternate, persistent; leaflets 15-25 mm. long, 



broadly ovate in outline, more or less 3-lobed, cordate at base, coriaceous, glossy green above, 



pale, reticulate and pubescent beneath, the margins cartilaginous ; flowers yellow ; sepals about 



10 mm. long ; filaments and ovary glandular-pubescent. 



A local species known only from the Siskiyou Mountains, Josephine County, Oregon. Type locality: "Coast 

 mountains of Oregon, on about the forty-second parallel." May-June. 



3. Vancouveria planipetala Calloni. Small-flowered Vancouveria. Fig. 1880. 



Vancouveria planipetala Calloni, Malpighia 1 : 266. 1887. 



Vancouveria parviflora Greene, Pittonia 2: 100. 1890. 



Vancouveria chrysantha var. parviflora Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Calif. 204. 1901. 



Scapes 2-5 dm. high, usually exceeding the leaves, very sparsely pilose. Leaves persistent, 

 ternate; leaflets 15-25 mm. long, usually broader than long, more or less 3-lobed, glossy green 

 above, pale, scarcely reticulate and glabrous beneath ; inflorescence glandular-pubescent ; flowers 

 white ; sepals about 4-5 mm. long ; filaments and ovary glabrous ; body of the follicle about 3 

 mm. long, 2-3-seeded. 



Woods, Humid Transition Zone; Siskiyou Mountains, Del Norte County, to the Santa Lucia Mountains, 

 California. Type locality: Redwoods, Marin County, California. April-June. Greene (Rep. Spec. Nov. 13: 

 321-322. 1914) segregated three species, concolor, crispa and Vaseyi, based upon characters of very uncertain 

 specific value. 



Family 48. CALYCANTHACEAE. 



Calycanthus Family. 



Aromatic shrubs with opposite, entire, short-petioled leaves. Stipules none. 

 Flowers large, solitary and terminal, fragrant. Sepals and petals several, imbricated 

 in several series. Stamens many, inserted on the receptacle, the inner sterile. 

 Pistils many, enclosed in the hollow receptacle; ovary 1 -celled; ovules 1 or 2; style 

 filiform. Fruit consisting of the enlarged ovoid receptacle, enclosing few to many 

 smooth, shining achenes. Seed erect, without endosperm ; cotyledons foliaceous, 

 convolute. 



A small family composed of 2 genera, one North American the other Asiatic, with about 6 species. 



1. CALYCANTHUS L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1066. 1759. 



Flowers purple or red. Stamens inserted in several rows. [Name Greek, meaning cup- 

 flower.] 



A genus of 4 species, 3 in the southeastern United States and 1 in California. Type species, Calycanthus 

 floridus L. 



1. Calycanthus occidentalis Hook. & Arn. Western Sweet-scented 



Shrub. Fig. 1881. 



Calycanthus occidentalis Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey 340. pi. 84. 1840. 

 Butneria occidentalis Greene, Erythea 1: 207. 1893. 



Erect branching shrub, 1-3 m. high, the foliage pleasantly aromatic when bruised. Leaves 



7-10 cm. _ long, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acute at the apex, rounded or cordate at base, very 



short-petioled, deciduous, firm in texture, dark glossy green and scabrous; flowers solitary, 



pedunculate; sepals and petals 2-6 cm. long, linear-spatulate, reddish purple, emitting the odor 



of wine ; sterile filaments densely villous ; fruiting hypanthium ovoid, but slightly constricted at 



the apex, 25-35 mm. long; achenes numerous, oblong, 7-8 mm. long, villous. 



Moist places, along streams and borders of lakes and ponds, Upper Sonoran and Arid Transition Zones; 

 California, in the North Coast Ranges and the Sierra Nevada foothills. Type locality: collected by Douglas in 

 the North Coast Ranges. May-Sept. 



