FUMEWORT FAMILY 235 



7. Dicentra Cucullaria (L.) Bernh. Dutchman's Breeches. Fig. 1912. 



Fumaria Cucullaria L. Sp. PI. 699. 1753. 



Diciytra Cucullaria D.C. Syst. 2: 108. 1821. 



Dielytra Cucullaria G. Don, Gen. Hist. PI. 1: 140. 1831. 



Dicentra Cucullaria Bernh. Linnaea 8: 457, 468. 1833. 



Bicuculla Cucullaria Millsp. Bull. W. Va. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: 327. 1892. 



Bicuculla occidental Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 160. 1902. 



Scapose perennial from a short rootstock, bearing bulbous tubers. Leaves basal, with 

 elongated slender petioles, ternately compound, the ultimate segments linear or oblong; scapes 

 slightly exceeding the leaves, 12-25 cm. high ; flowers several in a terminal secund raceme, nod- 

 ding on short slender pedicels; corolla 12-18 mm. long, white or tinged with pink, yellow at 

 tip; outer petals produced at base into a prominent divergent spur, spreading at apex; inner 

 petals with a prominent crest; seeds black and shining, very obscurely reticulate, crested. 



Moist woods or shaded hillsides, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; eastern Washington and Oregon 

 to Nova Scotia, Missouri, and North Carolina. Type locality: Virginia. April-May. 



2. CORYDALIS Vent. Choix 19. 1803. 



Erect or climbing herbs, with decompound leaves. Flowers racemose, terminal or 

 opposite the leaves. Sepals 2, small. Corolla irregular, deciduous; petals 4, erect and 

 connivent, one of the outer pair spurred at the base, the inner pair narrow, keeled dor- 

 sally. Stamens 6, opposite the outer petals. Capsule 2-valved, linear or oblong; placentae 

 2; style persistent. Seeds with an aril-like crest. [Name Greek, from the ancient nama 

 of the crested lark.] 



About 110 species, native of the north temperate zone and South Africa. Type species, Corydalis semper 

 virens (L.) Pers. 



Spur much exceeding the petals in length; flowers rose or cream-white; capsule oblong or oblong-ovoid, elasti 

 cally dehiscent. 

 Hood of spurred petal without a membranous spreading or reflexed margin; flowers rose-colored. 



1. C. Scouleri. 



Hood of spurred petal with a thin spreading or reflexed margin; flowers cream-colored or white. 



Margin of hood on spurred petal narrow, spreading. 2. C. Caseana. 



Margin of hood on spurred petal broad, reflexed and covering the crest. 3. C. Cusickii. 



Spur scarcely half the length of the petals; flowers yellow; pod linear, torulose. 4. C. aurea. 



1. Corydalis Scouleri Hook. Scouler's Corydalis. Fig. 1913. 



Corydalis Scouleri Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 36. 1829. 



Corydalis macrophylla Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 69. 1838. 



Capnodes Scouleri Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 1: 15. 1891. 



Corydalis Allenii Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. 10: 478. 1912. 



Stems stout, 10 dm. or less in height, arising from tuberous roots. Leaves thrice ternate, or 

 the third division pinnate ; leaflets oblong to oblong-elliptic, 2-3 cm. long, obtuse or rounded at 

 apex, sometimes apiculate; raceme narrow, the flowers not crowded, rose-colored; spur rather 

 stout, ascending, straight, 12-15 mm. long, its hood with a prominent dorsal crest; capsule 

 ovoid-oblong, 9-10 mm. long. 



Stream banks and moist woods, Canadian and Humid Transition Zones; Olympic Peninsula, Washington, 

 to Tillamook, Oregon, mostly near the coast. Type locality: "In dark shady woods of North-West America; 

 plentiful near the confluence of the Columbia with the sea." May-July. 



2. Corydalis Caseana A. Gray. Sierra Corydalis. Fig. 1914. 



Corydalis Caseana A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 69. 1874. 

 Corydalis Bidwellii S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 479. 1880. 

 Capnodes Caseanum Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 1: 14. 1891. 



Stems stout, rather succulent, 5-10 dm. high, arising from thickened roots. Leaves 15-35 

 cm. long ; leaflets elliptic-lanceolate to ovate, apiculate, 10—25 mm. long ; racemes many-flowered, 

 5-12 cm. long; flowers white with the tips of the petals purple; spur rather slender, 12-15 mm. 

 long, its hood concave, with a narrow spreading membranous margin; capsule oblong, 12-14 

 mm. long, 5 mm. thick; seeds shiny black, with a conspicuous caruncle. 



Stream banks, Transition Zone; Sierra Nevada from Shasta County to Plumas County, California. Type 

 locality: Big Meadows, Plumas County, California. June-Aug. 



3. Corydalis Cusickii S. Wats. Cusick's Corydalis. Fig. 1915. 



Corydalis Cusickii S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 430. 1880. 

 Capnoides Cusickii Heller, Cat. N. Amer. PL 4. 1898. 



Stems stout, fleshy, 5-10 dm. high, arising from thickened perennial roots. Leaves 25-60 



cm. long, the leaflets oblong-lanceolate to broadly ovate, mucronulate, 1-2 cm. long ; racemes 



densely flowered, 10-30 cm. long ; flowers cream-white, sometimes suffused with rose-purple ; 



spur stout, straight or curved slightly upward, 15-18 mm. long, its hood with a prominent crest 



covered by the broad reflexed margins; capsule oblong, 12-15 mm. long; seeds shiny black with 



a prominent caruncle. 



Stream banks. Arid Transition and Canadian Zones; Blue and Powder Mountains, Oregon, east to adjacent 

 Idaho. Type locality; Union County, Oregon. June-Aug. 



