MUSTARD FAMILY 271 



19. ISATIS L. Sp. PI. 670. 1753. 



Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, with perfect racemose flowers. Sepals ascend- 

 ing, not gibbous at the base. Petals yellow. Stamens 6 ; filaments slender. Pod oval to 

 oblong, flattened and winged all around, indehiscent, 1-celled, 1-seeded or rarely 2-seeded. 

 Style none. Cotyledons incumbent. [The classical name.] 



A genus of about 35 species, natives of Europe. Type species, Isatis tinctoria L. 



1. Isatis tinctoria L. Dyer's Woad. Fig. 2009. 



Isatis tinctoria L. Sp. PI. 670. 1753. 



Biennial or perennial, glaucous and glabrous, except for cilia on the midrib of the lower 

 leaves ; stems branching from near the base, 3-10 dm. high. Leaves blue-green, the lower ob- 

 lanceolate, entire or denticulate, 7-10 cm. long, the upper sagittate-clasping; racemes several, 

 usually in crowded corymbs; flowers small, about 3 mm. high; pods oblong, 12-15 mm. long, 

 5-7 mm. wide, pendent in age on slender pedicels. 



A locally naturalized weed, native of Europe; Siskiyou County, California, and in Utah. Locally known 

 in California as Marlahan Mustard. April-June. 



20. ERUCA [Tourn.] Mill. Gard. Diet. Abr. ed. 4. 1754. 



Annual or biennial erect branching herbs with pinnately lobed or toothed leaves. 

 Flowers racemose, variously colored, with brown or purple veins. Sepals erect. Style 

 elongated. Silique linear-oblong, turgid, long-beaked, the valves 3-nerved. Seeds many 

 in 2 rows in each cell, globose. Cotyledons conduplicate. [Ancient Latin name of some 

 member of the mustard family.] 



About 5 species native of the Mediterranean region. Type species, Brassica Eruca L. 



1. Eruca sativa Mill. Garden Rocket. Fig. 2010. 



Brassica Eruca L. Sp. PI. 667. 1753. 



Eruca sativa Mill. Gard. Diet. ed. 8. no. 1. 1768. 



Eruca Eruca Britt. in Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. ed. 2. 2: 192. 1913. 



Erect, glabrous and somewhat succulent annual, 3-5 dm. high. Lower leaves pinnately lobed 

 or pinnatifid, 7-15 cm. long, the upper lobed or dentate; flowers racemose, the racemes becom- 

 ing much elongated in fruit; sepals 10-12 mm. long; petals 15-20 mm. long, variously colored, 

 conspicuously purple-veined; pods erect on short stout upcurved pedicels, 15-25 mm. long, the 

 valves keeled on the back, 4-5 mm. thick, the beak flattened, nearly as long as the body. 



Waste ground and fields, especially alfalfa fields; eastern Washington, central and southern California; 

 also introduced into Utah, New Mexico, eastern United States, and Mexico. Native of Europe. May-July. 



21. SINAPIS L. Sp. PI. 668. 1753. 



Annual or biennial, erect, branching, more or less hispid herbs, with pinnatifid or lobed 

 leaves, and mostly rather showy yellow flowers in terminal racemes. Stamens 6. Pods 

 nearly terete, sessile, constricted between the seeds, tipped with a very long flattened 

 sword-like or angled beak, the valves 3-nerved. Seeds subglobose, in 1 row in each cell ; 

 cotyledons conduplicate. [Name Greek, ancient name for turnip.] 



About 5 species, natives of southern Europe. Type species, Sinapis alba L. 



Fruiting pedicels spreading, 8-12 mm. long; pods hairy. 1. S. alba. 

 Fruiting pedicels ascending, 4-6 mm. long; pods glabrous. 



Pods stout, 3-4 mm. wide, not appressed; leaves sparsely hispid or glabrous. 2. S. arvensis. 



Pods slender, 1 mm. wide, appressed; leaves canescent with a dense hirsute pubescence. 3. S. incana. 



1. Sinapis alba L. White Charlock or Mustard. Fig. 2011. 



Sinapis alba L. Sp. PI. 668. 1753. 



Brassica hirta Moench, Suppl. Meth. 84. 1802. 



Brassica alba Rabenhorst, Fl. Lusatica 1: 184. 1839. Not Gilibert 1782. 



Stems 3-7 dm. high, more or less hirsute with stiff spreading hairs. Lower leaves lyrately 

 pinnate or pinnatifid, 10-20 cm. long, the lobes dentate; uppermost leaves lanceolate or oblong, 

 often merely dentate, short-petioled ; petals yellow, about 1 cm. long ; fruiting pedicels spreading ; 

 pod densely hispid, about 3 cm. long, spreading ; beak sword-like, equaling or usually longer than 

 the body of the pod. 



In waste places and fields, occasionally escaped from cultivation in California; native of Europe and Asia. 

 March-Aug. 



2. Sinapis arvensis L. Field Charlock or Mustard. Fig. 2012. 



Sinapis arvensis L. Sp. PI. 668. 1753. 



Brassica sinapistrum Boiss. Voy. Espag. 2: 39. 1839—45. 



Brassica arvensis Rabenhorst, Fl. Lusatica 1: 184. 1839. Not L. 1767. 



Brassica kaber (DC.) L. C. Wheeler, Rhodora 40: 306. 1938. 



Stems 3-6 dm. high, branching above, hispid with scattered stiff hairs, or glabrate. Lower 



