280 BRASSICACEAE 



nearly so, 2-3 dm. high, branched. Basal leaves simple, reniform or broadly cordate, subentire 

 or sinuate, or some of them with a pair of lateral leaflets; stem leaves mostly 5-foliolate, the 

 leaflets orbicular to oblong, usually sinuate; petals white, 4 mm. long; pedicels 8-15 mm. long; 

 pods ascending or erect, 15-25 mm. long ; style very short and thick. 



Along streams Canadian and Transition Zones; British Columbia to the southern Sierra Nevada, Califor- 

 nia, east to Montana and Wyoming. Type locality: near Sonora Pass at 8,000-10,000 feet altitude, California. 

 June-July. 



Cardamine Leibergii Holz. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 3:212. 1895. (.Cardamine vallicola subsp. Lei- 

 bergii O E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. 32:523. 1903.) Very similar to C. Breweri and doubtfully distinct. _ It 

 differs chiefly in having leaf margins crenate or crenately 7-9-lobed instead of merely sinuate. Wet spring 

 places, Arid Transition Zone; vicinity of Spokane, Washington, to northern Idaho. Type locality: near summit 

 of Packsaddle Peak, Kootenai County, Idaho. 



4. Cardamine angulata Hook. Seaside Bitter-cress. Fig. 2033. 



Cardamine angulata Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1:44. 1829. 



Cardamine angulata var. pentaphylla O. E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. 32: 407. 1903. 



Perennial from a running rootstock, glabrous, the stems erect, 3-6 dm. high, mostly simple. 

 Leaves pinnate; leaflets 3-5, petiolulate, ovate to oblong, mostly crenate, the terminal one 3-5- 

 toothed; petals white, 8-12 mm. long; pods spreading, about 2 cm. long, nearly 2 mm. thick; 

 style stout, 2 mm. long. 



Wet places and shallow water, mostly Humid Transition Zone; British Columbia to western Oregon, east 

 to Wyoming. Type locality: "Banks of the Columbia." May-June. 



5. Cardamine Gambellii S. Wats. Gambell's Bitter-cress. Fig. 2034. 



Cardamine Gambellii S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 11: 147. 1876. 



Perennial, the stout decumbent stems rooting at the lower joints, 3-10 dm. high. Leaves 

 mostly basal, rosulate, pinnate; leaflets 4-6 pairs, ovate to oblong-linear, few-toothed, 6-20 mm. 

 long; raceme nearly sessile, elongated in fruit; petals white, 6 mm. long; pedicels divaricate, 

 equaling the pods; pods erect or ascending, often curved, 15-20 mm. long; style slender, 2 mm. 

 long. 



Swamps and ditches, Upper Sonoran Zone; Santa Barbara County, California, to Lower California and 

 Mexico. Type locality: near Santa Barbara, California. April-June. 



6. Cardamine occidentalis (S. Wats.) Howell. Western Bitter-cress. Fig. 2035. 



Cardamine palustris var. occidentalis S. Wats, in A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. I 1 : 158. 1895. 

 Cardamine occidentalis Howell, Fl. N.W. Amer. 50. 1897. 



Perennial from a short somewhat tuberous rootstock, glabrous or pubescent below, the 

 stems erect, 2-4 dm. high, branched. Leaves all pinnate; leaflets 3-6 pairs, subentire, those of 

 the basal leaves rounded, of the stem leaves obovate to oblong or linear ; pedicels 1-2 cm. long ; 

 petals white, 3-4 mm. long ; pods 20-25 mm. long, very slender, erect or nearly so, stigma nearly 

 sessile. 



In wet places, mainly Transition Zone; Yakima and Klickitat Valleys, Washington, to the Willamette 

 Valley, Oregon. Type locality: Sauvies Island, Oregon. May-July. 



7. Cardamine umbellata Greene. Umbel-flowered Bitter-cress. Fig. 2036. 



Cardamine sylvatica var. kamtschatica Regel, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 34: 172. 1861. 



Cardamine umbellata Greene, Pittonia 3: 154. 1897. 



Cardamine kamtschatica O. E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. 32: 470. 1903. 



Plants perennial from slender running rootstocks, glabrous or nearly so, the stems several, 

 erect, 2-5 dm. high. Leaves pinnate, the basal with 3-5 rounded or oval leaflets, the upper with 

 oblong leaflets; flowers in a short corymb; pedicels ascending, 4-6 mm. long; petals spatu- 

 late, 3-4 mm. long ; pods crowded, erect, 20-25 mm. long, slender ; beak minute. 



Wet places, mainly Arctic-Alpine Zone; Alaska to Oregon, Alberta, and Colorado. Type locality: St. 

 Paul Island, Behring Sea. June-Aug. 



8. Cardamine Pattersonii Henderson. Patterson's Bitter-cress. Fig. 2037. 



Cardamine Pattersonii Henderson, Rhodora 32: 25. 1930. 



Annual, branching from the base, branches erect or ascending, about 1 dm. high, glabrous. 

 Basal leaves 2 cm. long, pinnate; leaflets usually 5, oblong-obovate, entire, 3-4 mm. long, the 

 terminal larger and obscurely 3-lobed ; stem leaves few, reduced, mostly with 3 leaflets ; flowers 

 rather distant; pedicels 1-2 cm. long, divaricate; sepals oval, 2.5 mm. long, thin and tinged 

 with brown and rose; petals rose-purple, 6 mm. long; pods 20-25 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, flat- 

 tened ; beak slender, 3-4 mm. long ; seeds flattened, 1 . 5 mm. long. 



Mossy rocks, Humid Transition Zone; Clatsop County, Oregon. Type locality: Saddle Mountain, altitude 

 2,800 feet, Oregon. May-June. 



9. Cardamine pennsylvanica Muhl. Pennsylvania Bitter-cress. Fig. 2038. 



Cardamine pennsylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. Sp. PI. 3: 486. 1800. 



Cardamine hirsuta var. acuminata Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1 : 85. 1838. 



Cardamine acuminata Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 29:237. 1902. 



Annual or perhaps sometimes biennial with fibrous roots, glabrous or with a few scattered 



