CROWFOOT FAMILY 187 



15. Delphinium bicolor Nutt. Flathead Larkspur. Fig. 1792. 



Delphinium bicolor Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 10. 1834. 



Root rather deep-seated, stout and fascicled, the stems stout, erect, 1-4 dm. high, sparsely 

 pubescent or glabrous. Leaves orbicular in outline, rather thick, sparsely pubescent or glabrous, 

 2.5-5 cm. broad, 5-parted, the divisions more or less deeply lobed into narrowly oblong or linear, 

 obtuse or rounded lobes; raceme loosely 2-12-flowered, lower pedicels elongated, spreading; 

 sepals dark violet-purple, 12-15 mm. long, about equaling the stout spur; upper petals yellow, 

 veined with purple, entire, lower petals purple, 8 mm. broad, with rounded lobes and a narrow 

 sinus, often crenate on the margins; follicles nearly straight, 8-9 mm. long, viscid-pubescent or 

 glabrous ; seeds merely margined on the angles, or obscurely winged below, faintly reticulate 

 on the lateral surfaces. 



Open grassy slopes, usually in rocky soil, Canadian Zone; eastern slopes of the Cascade Mountains of 

 Washington and Oregon to Saskatchewan, Wyoming, and Utah. Type locality: dry hills near Flathead River, 

 Montana. May-Aug. 



Delphinium glareosum Greene. Pittonia 3: 257. 1896. {D. bicolor var. glareosum Davis, Minn. Bot. 

 Studies 2: 439. 1900.) This species, occurring on the Olympic Mountains at high altitudes, has been con- 

 sidered by some botanists as conspecific with D. bicolor Nutt., but in leaf shape, pubescence, and general habit 

 it seems more closely related to D. Mensiesii DC. Further material and field studies are necessary for final 

 judgment. 



Delphinium xantholeucum Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11:280. 1896. Resembling D. bicolor Nutt. 

 but stouter, 6-8 dm. high; inflorescence very loose, glandular-pubescent; flowers pale yellow, the sepals green- 

 ish and viscid outside, 10-12 mm. long; follicles glandular-pubescent. Wenatchee, Chelan County, Washington. 



16. Delphinium trolliifolium A. Gray. Poison Larkspur. Fig. 1793. 



Delphinium trolliifolium A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 8: 375. 1882. 

 Delphinium exaltatum var. trolliifolium Huth, Helios 10: 35. 1892. 

 Delphiastrum trolliifolium Nieuwl. Amer. Midi. Nat. 3: 172. 1914. 



Stems from a stout woody root, somewhat fistulous and reclining below, 6-15 dm. high, 

 sparsely pubescent and slightly viscid, leafy. Leaves rather thin, the larger 10-15 cm. broad, 

 orbicular or reniform in outline, 5-7-parted, the divisions cuneate, 3-cleft and laciniately lobed, 

 the lobes acute to obtuse, lanceolate; racemes 10-30 cm. long, usually lax; pedicels diverging, 

 at least the lower well exceeding the spur, viscid-villous ; sepals violet-purple, 15-20 mm. 

 long, broadly elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, nearly or quite glabrous, the spur 

 20-25 mm. long, stout and recurved ; upper petals white or the tips tinged with purple, glabrous, 

 lower petals purple, 8-10 mm. broad, villous toward the center; follicles 15-20 mm. long, usually 

 arcuately recurved, glabrous ; seeds usually with a narrow incurved wing on the truncate summit. 



Moist ground usually in partial shade, Humid Transition Zone; western Oregon from the Columbia River, 

 south through the Willamette Valley and the slopes bordering it, to Humboldt County, California. Type lo- 

 cality: Oregon, definite station not given. May-June. 



17. Delphinium scopulorum var. glaucum (S. Wats.) A. Gray. 

 Glaucous Rocky Mountain Larkspur. Fig. 1794. 



Delphinium glaucum S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 427. 1880. 



Delphinium scopulorum var. glaucum A. Gray, Bot. Gaz. 12: 52. 1887. 



Stems from a stout woody root, 8-25 dm. high, glabrous and often glaucous, leafy. Leaves 

 8-15 cm. broad, glabrous or sparsely puberulent, 5-7-parted, the divisions cuneate, acutely incised 

 and toothed, the central segment of each division prominent; raceme elongated, 10-45 cm. long, 

 rather densely many-flowered, simple or with one or more branches below, the main axis 

 glabrous or sparsely puberulent ; pedicels ascending, scarcely equaling the spurs to a third 

 longer, glabrous ; sepals light to rather dark violet-purple, 8-12 mm. long, oblong-elliptic, the 

 spur rather stout, equaling the sepals ; upper petals notched, purple-tipped, the lower cleft ; 

 follicles 8-10 mm. long, nearly straight, glabrous or puberulent; seeds winged at the summit and 

 sometimes on one lateral angle. 



Mountain streams and meadows, Canadian and Hudsonian Zones; Alaska to southern California, east to 

 Montana. Type locality: Big Tree Road, Sierra Nevada, California. June-Sept. 



Delphinium scopulorum subsp. occidentale (S. Wats.) Abrams. (£>. elatum var. occidentale S. Wats. 

 Bot. King Expl. 11. 1871. D. occidentale S. Wats, ex Coult. Man. Bot. Rocky Mts. 11. 1885. D. scopulo- 

 rum var. alpinum A. Gray, Bot. Gaz. 12: 52. 1887.) Closely resembling the variety glaucum, but the axis of 

 the raceme, pedicels, and follicles conspicuously viscid-pubescent. Moist soil, Boreal Zones; British Columbia 

 to the Siskiyou Mountains, southern Oregon, east to Colorado. Type locality: East Humboldt Mountains, Ne- 

 vada. 



Delphinium scopulorum var. luporum (Greene) Jepson, Fl. Calif. 523. 1914. (D. luporum Greene, 

 Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 76. 1904.) Smaller than the preceding stems, 5-8 dm. high. Leaves 4-10 cm. broad, 

 the central lobes of the divisions less elongated; pedicels, sepals and spurs short-villous; follicles densely pu- 

 bescent; raceme rather lax, the flowers fewer and the pedicels considerably exceeding the spurs. Moist soils 

 along streams and meadows, Boreal Zones; southern Sierra Nevada, California. Type locality: Coyote Creek, 

 Kern County, California. 



18. Delphinium californicum Torr. & Gray. Coast Larkspur. Fig. 1795. 



Delphinium californicum Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 31. 1838. 

 Delphinium exaltatum var. californicum Huth, Helios 10: 35. 1892. 



Stems arising from a thick woody root, stout, 6-20 dm. high, hollow, pubescent or glabrate, 

 leafy. Leaves 5-15 cm. broad, pubescent or glabrate, 5-7-parted, the divisions cuneate, incisely 



