CROWFOOT FAMILY 203 



or partly so dorsally; petals like the typical species (but only 5 in Oregon forms); achenes 20-30, like the 

 typical species. Sea bluffs, Transition and Upper Sonoran Zones; Columbia River south along the coast to 

 Monterey County and the Santa Barbara Islands, California. Oregon specimens tend to have fewer petals and 

 compound leaves. Type locality : San Mateo County, California. 



Ranunculus californicus var. rugulosus (Greene) L. Benson, Amer. Journ. Bot. 23: 30. 1936. Nearly 



glabrous or the leayes appresssd-pilose; palustrine or practically so; stems erect or suberect, 3-6 dm. long, 2-3 

 mm. in diameter, distinctly fistulous, rather delicate; radical leaves simple or pinnate with 3-5 leaflets, ovate in 

 outline or the base cuneate, 2-7 cm. long by 2-6 or 9 cm. broad, deeply 3-parted or 3-5-divided, and again 

 once- or twice-lobed, or -cleft, the segments tending to be oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly cuneate, ultimate 

 lobes acute, sparsely pubescent; petioles 1 or commonly 2-3 dm. long; petals 7-12, 7-11 mm. long by 3 mm. broad; 

 achenes 15-30, each obovate, 1-2 mm. long by 1-1.5 mm. broad, the beak usually slender and 0.7-0.8 mm! 

 long, recurved. Wet sand of rivers and ditches, Lower Sonoran Zone; Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys 

 ana lower Sierra Nevada foothills from Merced and Tuolumne Counties to Tulare County, California. Type 

 locality: Chowchilla "Mountains," west of Wawona, California. 



7. Ranunculus Bongardii Greene. Bongard's Buttercup. Fig. 1828. 



Ranunculus occidentalis var. Lyallii A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 21 : 373. 1886. 

 Ranunculus Bongardii Greene, Erythea 3 : 54. 1895. 

 Ranunculus Grecnei Howell, Fl. N.W. Amer. 1 : 18. 1897. 



Perennial, stems erect, 3-6 dm. long, hirsute. Basal leaves larger than the cauline, cordate- 



reniform, 2.5-6 cm. long by 3.5-7.5 cm. broad, 3-parted, primary lobes shallowly again lobed, 



all lobes acute, appressed-hispidulose ; pedicels not over 1 . 5 cm. long in anthesis ; sepals 



reflexed, 2 mm. long, hispidulose, deciduous; petals 5, yellow, 1.5-1.8 mm. long by 1 mm. broad; 



achenes 8-20, obovate, strongly compressed, 2 mm. long, faces appressed-hispid, beak strongly 



hooked at the summit, a little longer than the body; receptacle not enlarged in fruit, glabrous. 



Shaded moist slopes, Transition Zone; common in the Humid Transition, from Alaska to Humboldt County, 

 California; less common and at scattering stations in the Arid Transition, to the Sierra Nevada and San Ber- 

 nardino Mountains, California, and to the Great Basin and northern Rocky Mountains. Type locality: Sitka, 

 Alaska. May-July. 



Ranunculus Bongardii var. tenellus (Nutt.) Greene, Erythea 3: 54. 1895. (Ranunculus Douglasii 

 Howell, Fl. N.W. Amer. 1: 18. 1897.) Winter annual, glabrous or the sparse hair softer than in the typical 

 species; basal leaves often dying early, usually smaller than the cauline, the lobes rounded; achenes 15—30, 

 glabrous, the beaks considerably shorter than the bodies. Transition Zone or Lower Canadian Zone; Alaska 

 south on the Pacific Slope to the San Bernardino Mountains, southern California, northern Great Basin, and 

 the Rocky Mountains. Type locality: Columbia and Willamette Rivers, Oregon. 



8. Ranunculus Bloomeri S. Wats. Bloomer's Buttercup. Fig. 1829. 



Ranunculus Bloomeri S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 426. 1880. 



Glabrous or sparingly hispid perennial, stems 2-5 dm. long, succulent, fistulous, stout. Basal 

 leaves 3- or 5-pinnate, cordate-ovate in outline, 5-9 cm. long by 5-8.5 cm. broad, leaflets orbicular 

 or ovate, serrately shallow-lobed, thick and shiny; sepals reflexed, ovate-attenuate, 7-10 cm. 

 long, promptly deciduous, glabrous ; petals 5-8, bright yellow, emarginate, 10-17 mm. long ; 

 achenes 35-60 in an ovoid head 10 mm. long by 8 mm. broad, 3 mm. long, almost 1 mm. thick, 

 smooth and glabrous, beak 2.5-3 mm. long, turning distinctly ventrally; receptacle little elon- 

 gated in fruit, bristly. 



Very wet and heavy adobe soil, Transition and Upper Sonoran Zones; Mendocino and Lake Counties to 

 Santa Clara County, California. Type locality: San Francisco, California. April-May. 



9. Ranunculus orthorhynchus Hook. Straight-beaked Buttercup. Fig. 1830. 



Ranunculus orthorhynchus Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 21. pi. 9. 1829. 



Perennial, stems 1.5-5 dm. long, fistulous, hispidulose, hairs ascending especially above. 

 Basal leaves pinnate, ovate, 4-13 cm. long by 3—10 cm. broad ; leaflets 3-7, again twice-forked or 

 -lobed, the divisions all (typically) linear or else cuneate, appressed-pubescent or glabrous ; sepals 

 reflexed, 7-8 mm. long, pubescent; petals 5, ventrally bright yellow, dorsally dull or frequently 

 reddish or red, 8-19 mm. long by 4-7 mm. broad; achenes 12-20 in a cluster, bodies 3-4 mm. 

 long, faces flat or sunken, margin keeled, beak straight, 3-4 mm. long ; receptacle little enlarged 

 in fruit. 



_ Meadows, Transition Zone; Pacific Slope, Alaska to the North Coast Ranges and central Sierra Nevada, 

 California, east to Goose Lake, California. Type locality: northwest America. May-June. 



Ranunculus orthorhynchus var. platyphyllus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 21: 377. 1886. (.Ranunculus 

 maximus Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 14: 118. 1887. Ranunculus politus Greene, Pittonia 5: 196. 1903.) 

 Stems 6-12 dm. long, often 7-9 mm. thick, spreading hirsute, sometimes rather densely so; basal leaves pinnate 

 with 5-7 leaflets; petals broader and shorter than in the typical species; achenes 20-35, beak slightly shorter 

 and less rigid than in the typical species; receptacle slightly elongated in fruit. Transition Zone; British Co- 

 lumbia to central California east to Idaho and Utah. Type locality: Long Valley, Mendocino County, California. 



Ranunculus orthorhynchus var. Hallii Jepson, Fl. Calif. 542. 1922. Hair of stems and petioles spread- 

 ing; leaves the size of those in the typical species, the divisions often as broad as long, shallowly and obtusely 

 lobed; achenes 4-17, usually few, marginal keel more distinctly carried into the beak than in the typical 

 species. Mountain meadows, Transition Zone; Sierra Nevada, 2,000 meters, from Yosemite National Park to 

 Fresno County, California. Type locality: Pine Ridge, Fresno County. 



10. Ranunculus Macounii Britt. Macoun's Buttercup. Fig. 1831. 



Ranunculus hispidus Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 19. 1829. Not Michx. 1803. 

 Ranunculus Macounii Britt. Trans. N.Y. Acad. 12: 3. 1892. 

 Ranunculus oreganus Howell, Fl. N.W. Amer. 1: 19. 1892. 

 Ranunculus rudis Greene, Ottawa Nat. 16: 33. 1902. 



Perennial, stems frequently rooting at the nodes, 2-5 or 9 dm. long, densely hispid or 

 glabrous, hairs 2-2.5 mm. long. Basal leaves 3-divided or 3- to 5-pinnate, cordate or cordate- 



