SAXIFRAGE FAMILY 363 



20. Saxifraga oregana Howell. Bog Saxifrage. Fig. 2255. 



Saxifraga integrifolia var. sierrae Coville, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 7: 78. 1892. 



Saxifraga oregana Howell, Erythea 3: 34. 189S. 



Saxifraga sierrae Small, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 366. 1905. 



Saxifraga oregana var. sierrae Engler & Irmsch. Pflanzenreich 4 U7 : 63. 1916. 



Robust acaulescent herb from a stout often creeping perennial rootstock. Leaves 5—15 (often 

 longer) cm. long, the blades oblong-spatulate, elliptic or ovate-elliptic (greatly elongated and 

 broadly linear to linear-spatulate on plants growing in water), remotely glandular-denticulate 

 to coarsely glandular-serrate, typically glabrous, though sometimes sparingly pubescent and 

 ciliolate, gradually narrowed to a broadish, margined, sheathing base; scapes stout, typically 

 solitary, erect, 3-9 dm. tall, uniformly glandular-pubescent, widely paniculate to narrowly thyr- 

 soid and often densely glandular-puberulent above ; cymules aggregated into clusters terminating 

 the ascending peduncles, these subtended by conspicuous linear-lanceolate bracts often 1 cm. 

 long; sepals ovate or broader, ultimately reflexed, 2-2.5 mm. long; petals white, elliptic to 

 obovate, sessile by a short broad base, 2-4 mm. long; filaments subulate; capsule 3.5-5 mm. 

 long, green to purple, the short beaks spreading. 



Meadows and bogs, Transition and Boreal Zones; western Washington southward to the higher North Coast 

 Ranges and the Sierra Nevada (to Tulare County) of California, eastward to northern Idaho and southwestward 

 to the mountains of eastern and central Oregon and westernmost Nevada. Type locality: "Mountain marshes 

 of Oregon and Washington." April-Aug. 



21. Saxifraga integrifolia Hook. Hooker's Saxifrage. Fig. 2256. 



Saxifraga integrifolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1 : 249. 1832. 

 Saxifraga bracteosa Suskdorf, Deutsch. Bot. Monatss. 18: 27. 1900. 

 Saxifraga bracteosa var. angustifolia Suskdorf, loc. cit. 



Acaulescent glandular-hirsutulous perennial herb from a stoutish fibrous-rooted rootstock. 

 Leaves 1-6 cm. long, the blades almost subcoriaceous, ovate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic, entire or 

 rarely slightly sinuate-crenate, shortly and densely viscid-hirsutulous, especially on the upper 

 surface, more or less abruptly contracted into winged petioles mostly shorter than the blades ; 

 scape more or less rigid, not slender, scabrid, 2-4 dm. tall ; inflorescence relatively narrow, the 

 cymules even in fruit more or less contracted, only one or two of the lower long-pedunculate ; 

 sepals triangular-oblong, obtuse to acutish, about 1.5 mm. long, ultimately reflexed; petals white, 

 spatulate-elliptic, blunt at the practically clawless base, about 2.5 mm. long; filaments subulate; 

 follicles depressed, very broad, even in fruit. 



Borders of meadows and in gravelly prairies, Humid Transition Zone; western Washington and northwest- 

 ern Oregon, extending more sparingly eastward along the Columbia River to central and eastern Washington and 

 adjacent Oregon. Type locality: near the mouth of the Columbia River. Originally collected by Scouler. March- 

 July. 



22. Saxifraga fragosa Suksdorf. Fleshy-leaved Saxifrage. Fig. 2257. 



Saxifraga fragosa Suksdorf ex Small, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 363. 1896. 



Saxifraga integrifolia var. fragosa Rosend. Bot. Jahrb. 37. Beibl. 83: 68. 1905. 



Saxifraga laevicarpa A. M. Johnson, Minn. Stud. Biol. Sci. 4: 46. 1923. 



Saxifraga cephalantha Heller ex Engler & Irmsch. Pflanzenreich 4 117 : 59, as a synonym. 1916. 



Acaulescent perennial from a relatively slender caudex. Leaves relatively thickish and 

 fleshy, glabrous or seldom sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, often reddish and glaucous, entire 

 or slightly repand or rarely repand-denticulate, deltoid-ovate to ovate-oblong, 3-5 cm. long, 

 usually abruptly contracted into petioles mostly as long as to longer than the blades ; scapes 2-4 

 dm. tall, thickish, relatively fleshy, usually reddish, densely glandular-puberulent, corymbosely 

 branched above, the cymules often opening tardily ; peduncles and pedicels very glandular, often 

 conspicuously bracteate ; hypanthium glabrate to glabrous, the glabrous sepals broadly oblong, 

 obtuse to acutish, 1.5 mm. long; petals rhombic-ovate to oval, sessile by a broad claw-like base, 

 2.5-3.5 mm. long; filaments subulate at anthesis, uniformly wider before; fruiting follicles 

 purple, conical, the tips recurving. 



Wet rocks and moist ground, Humid Transition and Canadian Zones; Washington and northeastern Oregon 

 southward in the Coast Ranges to Lake and Sonoma Counties, California. Type locality: western Klickitat 

 County, Washington. March-July. 



Saxifraga fragosa subsp. claytoniaefolia (Canby) Bacigalupi. (S. claytoniaefolia Canby ex Small, Bull. 

 Torrey Club 23: 365. 1896.) Differs mostly in having longer and wider deltoid-ovate leaves 4-7 cm. long. 

 Washington and northern and northeastern Oregon. Type locality : The Dalles, Oregon. 



23. Saxifraga Howellii Greene. Flowell's Saxifrage. Fig. 2258. 



Saxifraga Howellii Greene, Pittonia 2: 163. 1897. 

 Micranthes Howellii Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 140. 1905. 



Diminutive acaulescent plant from a perennial caudex. Leaves 1 . 5-4 cm. long, the blades 

 relatively thin, cuneate or oblong-cuneate, coarsely crenate or serrate-dentate, ciliolate, the 

 lower surface of young leaves with a loose rusty arachnoid pubescence, soon becoming glabrous, 

 narrowed into slender petioles usually longer than the blades; scapes solitary or paired, 6-15 cm. 

 tall, glabrous save for the loosely rusty-pubescent base, corymbose and bracteate above ; cymules 

 few-flowered, open, the peduncles and pedicels very slender ; sepals oblong to ovate-oblong, about 

 1.5 mm. long, glabrous, reflexed; petals white, oblong, 2.5-3 mm. long, clawless; filaments nar- 

 rowly subulate, almost as long as the petals; carpels 2.5-3 mm. long, green to dark purplish. 



Recently wet places, Humid and Arid Transition Zones: southwestern Oregon and adjacent California. Ap- 

 parently very local. Type locality: "On the Coquell [Coquille] River, Oregon." March-May. 



