366 SAXIFRAGACEAE 



24. Saxifraga Marshallii Greene. Marshall's Saxifrage. Fig. 2259. 



Saxifraga Marshallii Greene, Pittonia 1 : 159. 1888. 



Saxifraga petiolata A. M. Johnson, Minn. Stud. Biol. Sci. 4: 29. 1923. 



Saxifraga Hallii A. M. Johnson, op. cit. 4 : 24. 1923. 



Acaulescent perennial from a fibrous-rooted caudex. Leaves thickish, 4-9 cm. long, the 

 blades oblong to oblong-orbicular, cuneate to subcordate at the base, coarsely dentate, crenate 

 or crenate-dentate reddish-pubescent beneath, essentially glabrous and bright green above com- 

 monly shorter than the petioles ; scapes 12-30 cm. tall, thinly glandular-puberulent, corymbosely 

 branched above ; cvmules open, the peduncles and pedicels elongated, pubescent ; sepals ovate to 

 oblong-ovate, 1.5-2.5 mm. long, reflexed; petals white with 2 greenish to yellow spots below 

 the middle 2 5-3.5 mm. long, oval to oblong, often somewhat cuneate below; filaments broad- 

 ened upward, often markedly petaloid; carpels 2.5 mm. long, the slender tips spreading. 



Moist bluffs and meadows, Transition and Boreal Zones; northern Idaho and Washington to Humboldt 

 Cnuntv California Type locality: "Supply Creek, w. of Hupa Valley, at considerable altitude . . , Hum- 

 bddfco/' according tfjepson father thaV-Hupa' Valley," as stated by Greene. May-June. This is the Saxi- 

 fraga odontoloma of Gilkey's Handbook of Northwest Flowering Plants. 



Saxifraga idahoensis Piper, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 394. 1900. {S. Marshallii jar. idahoensis Engler & 

 Irmsch. Pflanzenreich 4*": 37. 1916.) A species with petaloid filaments and reflexed sepals close to S 

 Marshallii but the flowers much smaller (petals 1.5-2 mm. or 2.5 mm. long) and wholly white, without colored 

 spots. Northern Idaho and adjacent Washington. Type locality: Kendnck, Idaho. 



25. Saxifraga californica Greene. California Saxifrage. Fig. 2260. 



Saxifraga virginiensis Benth. PI. Hartw. 311. 1848. Not Michx. 

 Saxifraga californica Greene, Pittonia 1 : 286. 1889. 



Saxifraga virginiensis var. californica Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Calif. 268. 1901. 

 Saxifraga napensis Small, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 316. 1898. 



Acaulescent perennial herb from a short erect fibrous-rooted caudex. Leaves 3-12 (typically 

 about 6) cm. long, mostly ascending, obovate-oblong to elliptic, sinuately crenate-dentate to 

 denticulate, usually more or less sparsely pilose above, often with gland-tipped hairs, pilose- 

 ciliate paler beneath, abruptly to gradually narrowed into narrowly winged petioles varying 

 from 5-50 mm. in length; scapes 15-30 cm. tall, thinly glandular-pubescent, especially above, 

 green or purplish, loosely branched above ; cymules becoming open ; sepals ovate, soon reflexed, 

 1.5-2 mm. long, often reddish or purplish ; petals white, oval to obovate, sessile, 3.5-5 mm. long; 

 filaments subulate, as long as to longer than the sepals; capsule 2.5-3.5 mm. long, purple or 

 purple-tinged, the carpels coalesced only at the base. 



Shaded rocky places, mostly on the lower hills, Upper Sonoran Zone for the most part; southwestern Oregon 

 southward in the Coast Ranges and along the foothills of the western slope of the Sierra Nevada to the San 

 Bernardino, San Gabriel, and Santa Monica mountains, California. Also on the Channel Islands. Type locality: 

 "Central parts of California, in the Coast Range especially." Feb.-June. 



Saxifraga montana (Small) Fedde, Bot. Jahresb. S3 1 : 613. 1906. {Micranthes montana Small, N Amer. 

 Fl 22- 138 1905; Saxifraga californica var. nidifica Engler & Irmsch. Pflanzenreich 4 1 *': 44. 1916; Saxt- 

 fraga fallax Jepson, Fl. Calif. 2: 120. 1936. Not Greene.) Differs from S. californica in having the leaves 

 (even the upper surfaces) glabrous, the petioles often shorter, the floral bracts much longer and the portion of 

 the mature carpels below the beaks much more depressed. The inflorescence-branches soon become very lax and 

 elongated. Meadows mostly Canadian and Hudsonian Zones; Sierra Nevada, Butte County to Tulare County, 

 California. Type locality: Pyramid Peak, Eldorado County, California. Occupies a zonal belt more or less 

 coextensive with that of 5". nidifica, high above that of 5". californica. 



26. Saxifraga fallax Greene. Greene's Saxifrage. Fig. 2261. 



Saxifraga fallax Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 25. 1896. 



Saxifraga gracillima A. M. Johnson, Minn. Stud. Biol. Sci. 4: 45. 1923. 



Acaulescent, sparsely glandular, from a perennial caudex. Leaf-blades very thin, only spar- 

 ingly pubescent to glabrate, ovate to oval, coarsely toothed to repand, subcordate to subtruncate 

 at the base, the petioles relatively slender, as long as to mostly longer than the blades; scape 

 1 . 5-3 dm. high, the cyme very loose, the pedicels very slender and mostly much longer than the 

 flowers ; hypanthium broadly turbinate, glabrous, about as long as the triangular-oblong per- 

 manently erect sepals; petals obovate-oblong to mostly narrowly oblong, spatulately narrowed 

 to a claw-like base, about 4 mm. long, iy 2 to 4 times as long as the sepals. 



Rocky places, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; southern Oregon to Sonoma and Amador Counties, 

 California. Type locality: "Lassen's Peak" and "above Donner Lake," California. Feb.-June. 



Saxifraga parvifolia Greene, Pittonia 3: 116. 1896. (S. laevicaulis A. M. Johnson, Minn. Stud. Biol. 

 Sci. 4: 26. 1923 J Much closer to S. californica than the last. It is distinguished by its very small widely 

 ovate glabrous leaves 1-2 cm. long, very slender petioles somewhat longer than the blades, very tardily and not 

 totally reflexed sepals and white petals only 2 to 2% times as long as the sepals. Apparently local in southwestern 

 Oregon. Type locality: Grant's Pass, Oregon. 



27. Saxifraga occidentalis subsp. rufidula (Small) Bacigalupi. Rusty Saxifrage. 



Fig. 2262. 



Micranthes rufidula Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 140. 1905. 



Saxifraga rufidula Macoun, Ottawa Nat. 20: 162. 1906. 



Micranthes Allenii Small, op. cit. 22: 144. 1905. 



Micranthes aequidentata Small, op. cit. 22: 145. 1905. 



Saxifraga klickitatensis A. M. Johnson, Minn. Stud. Biol. Sci. 4: 25. 1923. 



Acaulescent perennial. Leaves 1-4 cm. long, often almost subcoriaceous, oblong to ovate, 

 coarsely crenate, bright greenish and essentially glabrous above, especially the younger leaves 



