SAXIFRAGE FAMILY 369 



conspicuously membranous-bracted, the very slender ascending pedicels 2-4 mm. long ; hypan- 

 thium hemispheric-campanulate, crisped-hispidulous, conspicuously striate, often tinged with 

 brown, 2.5-3 mm. high, in fruit becoming long-pedicelled, somewhat ovoid, 5-7 mm. long; sepals 

 very short, broadly triangular ; petals about 3 mm. long, white, digitately parted into 3-5 spatu- 

 late-oblcng divisions. 



Pine woods and under junipers, Arid Transition Zone; fairly common from southern Klamath County, 

 Oregon, to Lassen County, California. Type locality: "Lava beds of Modoc County," California. May-July. 



4. Lithophragma bulbifera Rydb. Rock Star. Fig. 2268. 



Lithophragma bulbifera Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 86. 1905. 



Lithophragma tenella var. ramulosa Suksdorf, W. Amer. Sci. 15: 61. 1906. 



Lithophragma tenella of Pacific Coast authors, in part. Not Nutt. 



Stem slender, 1-2 dm. high, glandular-puberulent. Petioles of the basal leaves 2-5 cm. long, 

 puberulent to glabrate ; blades broadly reniform in outline, ternately to quinately divided to near 

 the base; divisions 0.5-1.5 cm. long, cuneate or obovate, deeply 3-cleft, the lobes sometimes 

 toothed; cauline leaves small, short-petioled, similar to the basal ones, bearing more or less 

 conspicuous bulblets in their axils ; stipules short, membranous, usually pinkish, rounded and 

 fimbriate at the base ; flowers 3-6, many replaced by bulblets ; pedicels 1-5 mm. long, seldom 

 lengthening in fruit to 1 cm. ; hypanthium campanulate, shortly and abruptly acute at the base, 

 densely glandular-scabrous to merely hirsutulous, together with the sepals 3-4, or in fruit 5 mm. 

 long ; petals digitately and more or less deeply 3-5-cleft, white or often pinkish. 



Moist and shaded situations, Arid Transition and Boreal Zones; Black Hills of South Dakota south to Colo- 

 rado and Utah, westward to British Columbia, and southward through eastern Washington and Oregon, and in 

 California to the mountains of Trinity County and in the Sierra Nevada to Tulare County. Type locality: Battle, 

 Carbon County, Wyoming. March-June. 



5. Lithophragma heterophylla (Hook. & Arn.) Torr. & Gray. Hill Star. 



Fig. 2269. 



Tellima heterophylla Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey 346. 1838. 

 Lithophragma heterophylla Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1 : 584. 1840'. 

 Lithophragma Bolanderi A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 6: 535. 1865. 

 Lithophragma triloba Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 87. 1905. 



Stems 2-5 dm. high, glandular-pubescent or somewhat hispidulous below. Basal leaves 

 rounded-reniform, mostly shallowly 3-lobed and crenate, 1.5-4 cm. wide, more or less hirsute, 

 their petioles 3-6 cm. long, puberulent and glandular, infrequently bearing bulbils in their axils ; 

 stem leaves 1-6 cm. long, short-petioled, exceedingly variable, mostly deeply 3-cleft, the divisions 

 incised or toothed, their axils also sometimes bulbil-bearing ; raceme usually 3-8-flowered ; 

 pedicels 1-2 mm. long; hypanthium campanulate, truncate or slightly rounded at the base, 

 sometimes even inflated and saccate, together with the sepals 4-6 mm. long and about as wide ; 

 sepals triangular, acute ; petals 4-7 mm. long, white, oblong to cuneate in outline, tapering to a 

 narrow base, variously toothed or incised, though sometimes entire, usually with a stout tooth 

 on either side near the apex. 



Shaded places, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Coast Ranges, from extreme southern Oregon to San 

 Luis Obispo County, California, and much more sparingly southward to San Diego County. Less common in the 

 Sierra Nevada foothills. Type locality: Santa Barbara, according to Torrey and Gray. March-July. 



Lithophragma campanulata Howell, Fl. N.W. Amer. 200. 1898. Perhaps best considered a large-flowered 

 form of Lithophragma heterophylla, the petals measuring up to 12 mm. in length. It is known only from the 

 Siskiyou Mountains near the Oregon-California boundary. 



6. Lithophragma scabrella Greene. Sierra Star. Fig. 2270. 



Tellima scabrella Greene, Pittonia 2: 162. 1891. 

 Lithophragma scabrella Greene, Erythea 3: 102. 1895. 

 Lithophragma laciniata Eastw. ex Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 87. 1905. 



Stems slender, 2-6 dm. high, glandular-scabrous to merely hispidulous. Petioles of the basal 

 leaves 2-6 cm. long, puberulent; blades suborbicular to reniform, 0.5-4 cm. broad, glabrate to 

 glandular-hirsute, more or less distinctly crenate-lobed ; stem leaves 2-6, more or less deeply 

 divided into narrow toothed segments; flowers 3-14; pedicels 2-2.5 mm. long, lengthening in 

 fruit ; hypanthium campanulate, often striate, the base obtuse rather than truly truncate ; sepals 

 triangular-ovate, acute; petals white, 5-6 mm. long, with very slender exserted claws and blades 

 varying from oblong to rhombic-ovate, entire or more frequently with small lateral teeth. 



Wooded grassland, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Liebre and Tehachapi Mountains and western 

 slope of the Sierra Nevada from Kern County northward to Tehama County, and in the inner higher North 

 Coast Ranges, California. Also on the Marysville Buttes. Type locality: pine wood south of Tehachapi, Kern 

 County, California. May-July. 



7. Lithophragma tripartita Greene. Thrice-parted Lithophragma. Fig. 2271. 



Lithophragma tripartita Greene, Erythea 3: 102. 1895. 

 Tellima tripartita Greene, Erythea 1: 106. 1893. 



Stems slender, 2-3 dm. high, hispidulous, the upper portion usually glandular-puberulent. 

 Petioles of the basal leaves 3-5 cm. long, hispidulous ; blades hirsute, ternately cleft to near the 

 base into obovate-cuneate divisions, these 1-1.5 cm. long, pinnately incised, often again toothed; 

 stem leaves 1 or 2, similar though somewhat smaller, alternate ; flowers 3-7 in a loose raceme ; 

 pedicels 2-5 mm. long; hypanthium rounded-turbinate with an acute, though not obconic base, 

 together with the sepals 4-5 mm. long and about 4 mm. broad, lengthening somewhat in fruit ; 



