388 GROSSULARIACEAE 



sessile. Flowers small, perfect, in small dense cymes. Hypanthium turbinate-campanulate, 

 becoming turbinate in fruit. Sepals 5, lanceolate, shorter than the hypanthium. Petals 5, 

 white, oblong or elliptic, narrowed to a broad base. Stamens 10. Ovary conic, 3-celled; 

 styles 3, distinct; ovules several in each cell. Capsule conic, narrow at the base, about 

 half inferior, 3-valved, septicidal. Seeds solitary in each cell. [Name diminutive of 

 Fendlera.~\ 



A genus of 3 species, natives of southwestern United States and Mexico. Type species, Fendlerella utahensis 

 (S. Wats.) Heller. 



1. Fendlerella utahensis (S. Wats.) Heller. Yerba Desierto. Fig. 2309. 



Whipplea utahensis S. Wats. Amer. Nat. 7: 300. 1873. 



Fendlera utahensis Greene, Bull Torrey Club 8: 26. 1881. 



Fendlerella utahensis Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 626. 1898. 



Fendlerella cymosa Greene ex Woot. & Standi. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 129. 1913. 



Low much branched erect shrub, mostly 4-6 dm. high, with exfoliating bark and strigose 

 young twigs. Leaves numerous, oblong-elliptic to oblong-spatulate, subsessile, 8-25 mm. long, 

 inconspicuously 3-nerved, strigose ; cymes terminating leafy branches, several- to many-flowered ; 

 sepals 4 mm. long ; petals 3-4 mm. long. 



Rocky canyons, Upper Sonoran Zone; Clark Mountains, Mojave Desert, California {Jaeger), east to Nevada, 

 Utah. Arizona, New Mexico, and western Texas. Type locality: Kanab, Utah. June— Aug. 



5. WHIPPLEA Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4:90. pi. 7. 1857. 



Low spreading or trailing shrub with weak slender branches and at length shreddy 

 bark. Leaves opposite, deciduous, shallowly toothed. Flowers small in short or subcapitate 

 peduncled racemes. Hypanthium broadly turbinate. Sepals 5-6, erect, thin. Petals 5-6, 

 spreading or recurved. Stamens 10 or 12, rarely fewer, alternately longer and shorter; 

 filaments flattened. Ovary globose, 4— 5-celled; styles 4-5, distinct, subulate, deciduous; 

 stigmas introrse. Ovule solitary in each cell, pendulous. Capsule globose, separating into 

 4-5 firm carpels. Seed solitary in each carpel. [Name in honor of Lieut. A. W. Whipple, 

 commander of the Pacific Railroad Expedition in 1853-54.] 



A monotypic genus of the Pacific States. 



1. Whipplea modesta Torr. Yerba de Selva. Fig. 2310. 



Whipplea modesta Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4: 90. pi. 7. 1857. 



Stems more or less branched, reclining or trailing, 3-20 dm. long, finely pubescent when 

 young, the flowering branchlets closely strigose. Leaves ovate to oval, 1-3 . 5 cm. long, shallowly 

 few-toothed, sessile or subsessile, appressed-pubescent on both surfaces ; racemes on slender 

 peduncles terminating the branchlets, 4-9-flowered ; pedicels 2-10 mm. long; hypanthium hemi- 

 spheric; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-2.5 mm. long; petals white, oblong-ovate, 3 mm. long; 

 capsule globose, 2-2.5 mm. broad. 



Wooded slopes, mainly Humid Transition Zone; Olympic Peninsula, Washington, south in the Coast Ranges 

 to Monterey County, California, and inland in the Siskiyou Mountains to Ashland, Oregon. Type locality: red- 

 woods, Marin County, California. March-June. Modesty. 



Family 61. GROSSULARIACEAE.* 



Gooseberry Family. 



Shrubs, with erect, ascending, recurved, or prostrate branches. Leaves alternate, 

 palmately veined and usually lobed, often resinous-glandular or viscid. Stipules 

 when present adnate to the petiole. Flowers racemose or rarely solitary, on 1-2- 

 leaved axillary shoots ; pedicels subtended by a bract and usually bearing 2 bract- 

 lets. Hypanthium adnate to the globose ovary and more or less produced above it. 

 Sepals 5 or rarely 4 ; petals as many as sepals, and usually much smaller, erect. Sta- 

 mens equaling the petals in number, and alternate with them. Ovary 1-celled, with 

 2 parietal placentae ; styles 2, more or less united ; stigmas terminal. Fruit a berry 

 crowned with the withering remains of the flower. Seeds several to many; endo- 

 sperm fleshy ; embryo minute, terete. 



Two genera and about 120 species, natives of the north temperate zone, and of the Andes in Sovith 

 America. Most abundant in the Pacific States. 



Pedicels jointed beneath the ovary; plants without nodal spines, or if with them, the hypanthium obsolete above 

 the ovary. 1. Ribes. 



Pedicels not jointed; plants with nodal spines; hypanthium always conspicuously produced above the ovary. 



2. Grossularia. 



* Text prepared with the assistance of Frederick V. Coville. 



