PITCHER-PLANT FAMILY 329 



Family 55. SARRACENIACEAE. 

 Pitcher-plant Family. 



Insectivorous plants inhabiting swamps or bogs, with short rootstocks and a 

 poorly developed root system. Leaves basal, tubular or pitcher-shaped. Flowers 

 solitary, nodding, terminating bracted scapes. Sepals 4 or 5, hypogynous, imbri- 

 cated, persistent. Petals 5 or sometimes none, when present imbricated and de- 

 ciduous. Stamens many, hypogynous; anthers versatile. Pistil 1, 3-5-carpellate ; 

 style peltate, simple or lobed ; ovary 3-5-celled ; ovules numerous, on many parietal 

 placentae. Fruit a 3-5-celled, loculicidal capsule. Seeds small, reticulated ; embryo 

 minute ; endosperm fleshy. 



A family of three genera and about 10 species, all natives of the New World. Besides the following, Sarra- 

 cenia (8 species) inhabits eastern North America and Heliamphora (1 species) Venezuela. 



1. DARLINGTONIA Torr. Smiths. Contr. 6 4 : 4. pi. 12. 1854. 



Perennial herb with slender rootstocks, and large basal leaves hood-like. Sepals 5. 

 Petals 5. Stamens 12-15, in one series; filaments subulate; anther with uneven pollen 

 sacs, turned sidewise by a twist of the filament so the smaller sac stands next the ovary. 

 Style short, 5-lobed; ovary somewhat turbinate, truncate or concave at the apex, 5-celled. 

 Fruit a 5-valved loculicidal capsule. Seeds numerous, broadly clavate, covered with soft 

 slender protuberances. [Name in honor of William Darlington, an American botanist 

 of the 19th century.] 



A monotypic genus of the Pacific States. The name Darlingtonia is not tenable according to the inter- 

 national rules, but it has been retained in hopes that the Botanical Congress will conserve the name, but if 

 not the name must needs be Chrysamorpha Greene. 



1. Darlingtonia californica Torr. California Pitcher-plant. Fig. 2171. 



Darlingtonia californica Torr. Smiths. Contr. 6 4 : 5. pi. 12. 1854. 

 Chrysamorpha californica Greene, Pittonia 2: 191. 1891. 



Leaves large, often 3-5 dm. long, enlarged upward into a rounded hood-like apex, with a 

 rounded orifice on one side partially concealed by two foliaceous appendages, yellowish green 

 tinged with brownish purple, the hooded apex with conspicuous translucent spots, inner surface 

 of hood densely clothed with stiff reflexed hairs, the upper part of tube glabrous within, the lower 

 part usually containing liquid and clothed with long tangled hairs ; scapes about equaling the 

 longer leaves ; sepals oblong, 3-5 cm. long, yellowish green and lined with dull purple ; petals 2-3 

 cm. long, ovate-lanceolate, narrowed toward both ends, dark purple. 



Mountain swamps and bogs, Boreal Zones; Coquille Point, Coos County, Oregon, south to the Siskiyou 

 Mountains and in the Sierra Nevada to Nevada County, California. Type locality: headwaters of the Sacra- 

 mento River, northern California, near Mount Shasta, growing in marshes. April-July. 



Family 56. DROSERACEAE. 

 Sundew Family. 



Perennial or biennial glandular-pubescent herbs, exuding a viscid secretion and 

 insectivorous. Leaves usually basal, circinnate in the bud. Flowers fugacious, per- 

 fect, usually racemose. Calyx 4-&-parted or the sepals distinct, persistent. Petals 

 4-8, sometimes slightly united at base, hypogynous, convolute, marcescent. Stamens 

 4-20, hypogynous or perigynous. Ovary free or its base adnate to the calyx, 1-5- 

 celled ; styles 1-5, simple ; ovules numerous. Fruit a 1-5-celled capsule, loculicidally 

 dehiscent. Seeds several to many ; endosperm fleshy ; embryo cylindrical, straight. 



Four genera and about 90 species of wide distribution. 



1. DROSERA L. Sp. PI. 281. 1753. 



Bog plants, with tufted basal leaves clothed with glandular sensitive hairs which 

 secrete a clear glutinous fluid that entraps insects. Flowers in a one-sided raceme ter- 

 minating the scape. Calyx deeply 4-8-parted. Petals 4-8, spatulate. Stamens 4-8. Styles 

 3—5, deeply parted so as to appear as twice the number. Capsule 3-valved or rarely 5- 

 valved, many-seeded. [Name Greek, meaning dew, in allusion to the dew-like drops 

 secreted by the glands.] 



About 85 species, most abundant in Australia. Type species, Drosera rotundifolia L. 



Leaves orbicular or broader than long, long-petioled. 1. D. rotundifolia. 



Leaves linear or much longer than broad. 2. D. longifolia. 



