526 FABACEAE 



flowers white, 4-6 mm. long, reflexed in age ; calyx-teeth acuminate, scarcely equaling the tube ; 

 corolla 2-3 times as long as the calyx. 



In fields and waysides, Transition and Canadian Zones; naturalized from Europe; common from western 

 Washington to northwestern California, and frequent in mountain meadows of the Sierra Nevada. April-Dec. 



10. Trifolium Beckwithii Brewer. Beckwith's Clover. Fig. 2665. 



Trifolium Beckwithii Brewer ex S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 11: 128. 1876. 



Perennial, glabrous throughout ; the stems stout, ascending, 1-3 dm. high. Stipules lanceolate 

 to ovate, acute ; leaflets 2-4 cm. long, oblong to lanceolate, obtuse or acute, serrate ; peduncles 

 appearing terminal ; heads globose, 2-3 cm. broad, dense ; flowers on very short pedicels, at length 

 reflexed; calyx 7-8 mm. long, the teeth subulate, equaling the tube; corolla red, about 15 mm. 

 long ; ovary 2-6-ovuled. 



Mountain valleys and meadows, Transition and Canadian Zones; Idaho and eastern Oregon to Nevada and 

 the northern Sierra Nevada, California. Type locality: Sierra Nevada, California. May-July. 



11. Trifolium Howellii S. Wats. Howell's Clover. Fig. 2666. 



Trifolium Howellii S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 23: 262. 1888. 



Perennial, glabrous throughout, the stems stout, erect, nearly simple, 5-7 dm. high. Stipules 

 foliaceous, ovate, entire ; leaflets 3-6 cm. long, cuneate-oblanceolate to ovate-elliptical ; peduncles 

 exceeding the leaves; heads long-ovoid, 15-25 mm. long; flowers short-pedicelled, at length re- 

 flexed ; calyx 4 mm. long, the teeth subulate, about equaling the tube ; corolla white, 10 mm. long ; 

 pod 2-ovuled, 1 -seeded. 



Along streams, Humid Transition Zone; Cow Creek, southern Oregon, to the Siskiyou Mountains, northern 

 California. Type locality: Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon. June— Aug. 



12. Trifolium Bolanderi A. Gray. Bolander's Clover. Fig. 2667. 



Trifolium Bolanderi A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 7: 335. 1867. 



Perennial, glabrous throughout, cespitose, the stems numerous, decumbent or ascending, 1-2 



dm. long, sparsely leafy. Leaves mostly basal ; stipules ovate, acute, entire ; leaflets obcordate to 



cuneate-oblong, slightly serrulate, 1-2 cm. long; peduncles 5—10 cm. long, slender, terminal or 



occasionally axillary; heads ovoid, 10-15 mm. long; flowers short-pedicelled, at length reflexed; 



calyx 3-4 mm. long, the teeth lanceolate, scarcely equaling the tube ; corolla pink, 7-8 mm. long ; 



ovary 2-ovuled. 



_ Mountain meadows, Canadian Zone; a rare species of the Sierra Nevada, Mariposa and Fresno Counties, 

 California. Type locality: "Westfall's Meadow, above the Yosemite Valley, at the elevation of 8,000 ft." June 

 Aug. 



13. Trifolium productum Greene. Shasta Clover. Fig. 2668. 



Trifolium productum Greene, Erythea 2: 181. 1894. 



Trifolium Kingii var. productum Jepson, Fl. Calif. 2: 304. 1936. 



Perennial, glabrous throughout, the stems rather slender, ascending, 1-4 dm. high. Basal 



leaves long-petioled, those of the stem very short-petioled ; stipules broadly lanceolate, entire ; 



leaflets 15-45 mm. long, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, spinulose-serrate, acuminate; peduncles 



exceeding the leaves; heads short-ovoid, 10-15 mm. long, the rachis produced above the head 



with a few spinescent bracts ; flowers short-pedicelled, at length reflexed ; calyx-teeth subulate, 



slightly longer than the tube ; corolla rose or purple, 10-12 mm. long. 



Moist soil, Canadian Zone; southern Cascade and Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon, to the central Sierra Nevada, 

 California. Type locality: not designated. June-Sept. 



14. Trifolium Douglasii House. Douglas' Clover. Fig. 2669. 



Trifolium altissimum Dougl. ex Hook, Fl. Bor. Amer. 1 : 130. 1830. Not Loisel. 1807. 

 Trifolium Douglasii House, Bot. Gaz. 41: 335. 1906. 



Perennial from a stout taproot, glabrous throughout and pale, the stems solitary or few, 

 erect, 3-6 dm. high. Stipules linear-lanceolate, 2-3 cm. long, the free portion about one-fourth 

 the length, acuminate ; leaflets of the basal leaves oblong-elliptical, 15-30 mm. long ; those of 

 the stem leaves linear-lanceolate, 3-7 cm. long, very finely serrulate, aristate at apex ; heads 

 ovoid, 15-30 mm. long; flowers sessile, crowded; calyx 8 mm. long, becoming contorted, strongly 

 20-nerved ; the teeth somewhat exceeding the tube; corolla purple, about 12 mm. long. 



Wet meadows, Arid Transition Zone; northern Idaho and adjacent Washington to the Blue Mountains of 

 Oregon. Type locality: "Between the Spokane River and Kettle Falls of the Columbia." June- July. 



15. Trifolium eriocephalum Nutt. Woolly-headed Cover. Fig. 2670. 



Trifolium eriocephalum Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 313. 1838. 

 Trifolium eriocephalum var. Butleri Jepson, Fl. Calif. 2: 302. 1936. 



Perennial from a stout fusiform root, the stems erect or decumbent at base, 15-50 cm. high, 

 villous with spreading hairs. Leaves long-petioled ; stipules 2-3 cm. long, linear, the free portion 

 attenuate ; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, obtuse, very finely serrulate, villous especially 

 beneath; peduncles more or less recurved at the apex; heads globose to ovoid, 2-2.5 cm. long; 

 flowers very short-pedicellate, all reflexed in age ; calyx densely long-villous with spreading 

 hairs, 8 mm. long, the teeth three times as long as the tube; corolla 12-15 mm. long, yellowish; 

 standard broad, rounded at apex ; ovary pubescent. 



