ROSE FAMILY 445 



1. Alchemilla occidentalis Nutt. Western Lady's Mantle or Dew-cup. 



Fig. 2463. 



Alchemilla occidentalis Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 432. 1840. 

 Alchemilla cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 432. 1840. 

 Alchemilla arvensis var. occidentalis Piper, Fl. Palouse Reg. 96. 1901. 

 Aphanes occidentalis Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 380. 1908. 

 Aphanes macrosepala Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 380. 1908. 



Low profusely branched hirsute annual, 3-10 cm. high. Leaves petioled, cuneate-flabelliform, 

 5-8 mm. long, deeply 3-parted, the divisions again 3-5-clef t ; hypanthium about 1 mm. long, urn- 

 shaped, hirsute with rather short stiff hairs; bractlets usually present, ovate, about half as long 

 as the ovate sepals ; stamen 1 ; pistils 1 or 2 ; achene glabrous. 



Open fields, Transition and Upper Sonoran Zones; Washington to Lower California. Type locality: rocky 

 plains of Columbia River. March-June. 



Alchemilla arvensis (L.) Scop. (Fl. Cam. ed. 2. 1: 115. 1770) to which the Pacific Coast plants have 

 been referred is a native of the Old World and sparingly introduced in eastern North America. 



17. SANGUISORBA L. Sp. PI. 116. 1753. 



Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate, with adnate stipules and 

 toothed or petiolifid leaflets. Flowers small, perfect or some of them pistillate, in dense 

 terminal spikes. Hypanthium urn-shaped, angled and usually winged. Sepals 4. Petals 

 none. Stamens 2-A or in some exotic species many. Pistil one, free from the hypanthium; 

 style terminal ; ovule solitary. Achene enclosed in the indurate 4-angled or winged hypan- 

 thium. [Name Latin, meaning blood-staunching, from its supposed properties.] 



About 10 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Type species, Sanguisorba officinalis L. 



Annual or biennial ; flowers greenish, leaves pinnatifid. 1. S. occidentalis. 

 Perennial; leaves toothed. 



Flowers white. 2 - S. sitchensis. 



Flowers purple. 3- 3". microcephala. 



1. Sanguisorba occidentalis Nutt. Western Great Burnet. Fig. 2464. 



Sanguisorba occidentalis Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1 : 429. 1840. 

 Sanguisorba myriophylta Braun & Bouche, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berl. App. 1867 : 10. 1868. 

 Poteridium occidentale Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 388. 1908. 



Glabrous annual or biennial herb, with a taproot, the stems branching, leafy, 1^4- dm. high. 

 Leaves odd-pinnate; stipules foliaceous, pectinately divided; leaflets of the lower leaves 11-15, 

 obovate in outline, 1-2 cm. long, pectinately pinnatifid into narrowly linear segments; spikes 

 globose to oblong-cylindrical, 5—25 mm. long, or more elongated in fruit ; flowers hermaphrodite ; 

 bracts and bractlets with broad scarious margins ; sepals oval, green with whitish margins, 2 mm. 

 long ; stamens usually 2 ; fruiting hypanthium 4-angled with narrow thick wings. 



Grassy slopes, Arid Transition Zone; southern British Columbia and western Montana to southern Cali- 

 fornia. Type locality: The Cascades, Columbia River. May-July. 



2. Sanguisorba sitchensis C. A. Mey. Sitka Great Burnet. Fig. 2465. 



Sanguisorba canadensis var. latifolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 198. 1832. 

 Sanguisorba sitchensis C. A. Mey. Fl. Ochot. 34. 18S6. 

 Poterium sitchense S. Wats. Bibl. Index 1 : 303. 1878. 

 Sanguisorba latifolia Coville, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 3: 339. 1896. 



Glabrous perennial from a stout rootstock, the stems leafy, simple or branched above, 2-12 

 dm. high. Leaves odd-pinnate, 1-10 dm. long, the lower with 11-21 leaflets; stipules rounded, 

 coarsely toothed ; leaflets oblong-ovate, 2-7 cm. long, rounded at the apex, cordate at the base, 

 coarsely serrate, petiolulate; spike 2-10 cm. long, lanceolate becoming cylindric in age; bracts 

 lanceolate, glabrous or ciliate ; sepals oval, 2.5-3 mm. long, white or slightly tinged with purple; 

 filaments 8-10 mm. long, dilated above. 



In swamps and borders of salt marshes, Humid Transition and Canadian Zones; Alaska and Yukon Terri- 

 tory to Idaho and Oregon. Type locality: Sitka, Alaska. May-Aug. 



3. Sanguisorba microcephala Presl. Small-headed Great Burnet. Fig. 2466. 



Sanguisorba microcephala Presl, Epimil. Bot. 202. 1849. 

 Sanguisorba Menziesii Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 387. 1908. 



Glabrous perennial with a rootstock and a slender stem, 1-2 m. high, branched above. Leaves 

 3-10 dm. long, the upper reduced ; leaflets oblong-ovate, 1-4 cm. long, rounded at the apex, cor- 

 date at the base, coarsely serrate; spike oblong-cylindric, dense, 15-25 mm. long; bracts ovate, 

 pubescent; sepals dark purple, oval, 2-2.5 mm. long; filaments 3-7 mm. long; fruiting hypan- 

 thium narrowly 4-winged. 



Swamps, Boreal Zones; Alaska to northern California. Type locality: Nootka Sound. July-Sept. 



18. ACAENA L. Mant. 2: 145. 1771. 

 Shrubby or perennial herbs with more or less woody caudices. Leaves unequally pin- 



