ROSE FAMILY 455 



Styles club-shaped; receptacle flat, drupelets tipped with a hard pubescent cushion. 1. R. parviflorus. 



Styles filiform; receptacle convex to conical; drupelets without cushion. 



Stems herbaceous, never prickly, rarely bristly, stoloniferous; stipules broad, free or nearly so. 



Leaves simple or 3-foliolate; drupelets pubescent. 2. R. lasiococcus. 



Leaves S-foliolate; drupelets glabrous. 3. R. pedatus. 



Stems woody, usually prickly, sometimes merely bristly. 



Stipules broad, free or nearly so. 4. R. nivalis. 



Stipules narrow, linear-lanceolate or subulate, more or less adnate to the petioles. 



Drupelets united into a thimble-shaped aggregate fruit, falling off from the dry receptacle. 



Flowers solitary or few; petals rose-colored, much exceeding the sepals. 5. R. spectabilis. 

 Flowers clustered; petals white, usually shorter than the sepals. 

 Inflorescence corymbose; fruit nearly black. 



Leaves white-tomentose beneath. 6. R. leucodermis. 



Leaves green and glabrous beneath. 7. R. nigerrimus. 



Inflorescence racemose; fruit red. 8. R. melanolasius. 



Drupelets distinct, adhering to the fleshy receptacle, falling with it or falling separately. 

 Flowers dioecious, with decumbent biennial densely prickly stems; leaves 1 -3-foliolate. 



9. R. vitifolius. 



Flowers perfect; leaflets 5-foliolate. 10. R. laciniatus. 



1. Rubus parviflorus Nutt. Thimble Berry. Fig. 2492. 



Rubus parviflorus Nutt. Gen. 1 : 308. 1818. 



Rubus nutkanus Moc. ex Ser. in DC. Prod. 2: 566. 1825. 



Rubus nutkanus var. Nuttallii Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1 : 450. 1840. 



Rubus lacer Kuntze, Meth. Sp. 103. 1879. 



Rubacer parviflorum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 274. 1903. 



Bossekia parviflora Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 211. 1906. 



Rubus nutkanus var. parviflorus Focke, Bibl. Bot. 17 72 : 124. 1911. 



Stems erect, 1-2.5 m. high, without prickles; bark smooth or somewhat glandular-pubescent, 

 becoming brown and shreddy. Leaves palmately 5-lobed, cordate at base, unequally serrate, 

 10-15 cm. broad, glabrous or somewhat tomentose on the veins beneath; petioles and peduncles 

 hirsute-glandular; flowers few, corymbose, white, 2-4 cm. broad; sepals tipped with a long 

 slender appendage ; fruit separating from the receptacle when ripe, hemispheric, red. 



In open woods and among bushes, mainly Transition Zone; southern Alaska to western Ontario, south to 

 New Mexico. Type locality: island of Michilimackinac, Lake Huron. March-Aug. 



Rubus parviflorus var. velutinus (Hook. & Arn.) Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 274. 1903. Leaves 

 densely pilose beneath, otherwise not essentially differing from the typical form. This is the common form 

 throughout the most of California, especially near the coast. 



2. Rubus lasicoccus A. Gray. Hairy-fruited Dwarf Bramble. Fig. 2493. 



Rubus lasiococcus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 17: 201. 1882. 

 Comarobatia lasiococca Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1 : 245. 1906. 



Unarmed herbaceous perennial, with slender creeping pubescent stems, rooting at the nodes, 

 the flowering branches ascending, 5-10 cm. long, 1-3-leaved. Leaves simple or ternate, reni- 

 form, 3-6 cm. broad, serrate-dentate sparsely pubescent above and on the veins beneath ; flowers 

 1 or 2, pedicels slender, 1-5 cm. long; sepals ovate, acuminate, 6-7 mm. long; petals white, 

 slightly exceeding the sepals; fruit greenish or rose-colored, 1 cm. in diameter, pubescent; 

 putamen smooth. 



Wooded mountain slopes. Boreal Zones; British Columbia south to the Siskiyou Mountains, southern Oregon. 

 Type locality: Oregon, near Mount Hood. June- Aug. 



3. Rubus pedatus Smith. Five-leaved Dwarf Bramble. Fig. 2494. 



Rubus pedatus Smith, PI. Ic. Ined. pi. 63. 1791. 



Dalibarda pedata Stephan, Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1 : 129. 1806. 



Comaropsis pedata DC. Prod. 2: 555. 1825. 



Ametron pedatum Rat. Sylva Tell. 161. 1838. 



Psychrobatia pedata Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1 : 245. 1906. 



Unarmed herbaceous perennial, with glabrous creeping stems, rooting at the nodes, the flow- 

 ering branch very short. Leaves 1-4, approximate, pedately 5-foliolate (rarely 3-foliolate) ; 

 leaflets obovate, irregularly incised, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent, 1-5 cm. long, petioles 

 slender, 3-10 cm. long; flower solitary, on very slender peduncles, 4-10 cm. long; sepals foha- 

 ceous, 8-10 mm. long, often lobed ; petals white, equaling the sepals, spreading or reflexed; 

 drupelets 1-6, 8-10 mm. long ; putamen rugose. 



Woods, Boreal Zones; Yukon and Alaska to Alberta, Idaho, and the Cascades of central Oregon and Hum- 

 It County, California. Type locality: western part of North America, definite locality not given. May-July. 



boldt 



4. Rubus nivalis Dougl. Snow Dwarf Bramble. Fig. 2495. 



Rubus nivalis Dougl. ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1 : 181. 1832. 

 Rubus pacificus Macoun, Ottawa Nat. 16: 213. 1903. 

 Cardiobatus nivalis Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 244. 1906. 



Perennial, with slightly woody creeping puberulent stems, 3-12 dm. long, sparingly armed 

 with curved prickles. Leaves simple or sometimes ternate, ovate, cordate or rounded-cordate, 

 more or less distinctly 3-lobed, dentate with broad abruptly mucronate teeth, glabrous or spar- 

 ingly hispid; floral branches short; flowers usually solitary; sepals 7-9 mm. long, the outer 



