534 FABACEAE 



39. Trifolium fimbriatum Lindl. Coast or Cow Clover. Fig. 2694. 



Trifolium involucratum Ortega, Hort. Matr. Dec. 33. 1800. Not Lamarck, 1793. 

 Trifolium fimbriatum Lindl. Bot. Reg. 13: pi. 1070. 1827. 

 Trifolium heterodon Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 318. 1838. 



Perennial with slender creeping rootstocks, glabrous throughout, the stems branching from 

 the base, decumbent, and usually rather stout, 1-4 dm. long. Stipules lanceolate, laciniately 

 toothed; petioles 2-6 cm. long; leaflets obovate to oblanceolate, 10-25 mm. long, obtuse or acute, 

 finely setose-serrulate, dark green; peduncles 3-6 cm. long, stout; involucre about 15 mm. broad, 

 deeply lobed, the lobes laciniately toothed; heads many-flowered, 20-30 mm. broad; calyx 8-9 

 mm. long, 10-nerved, the aristate-subulate teeth slightly exceeding the tube ; corolla about 12 mm. 

 long, the standard broad, rounded and deeply emarginate at apex, white or light purple, the 

 wings and keel dark reddish purple ; ovules 2-6. 



Low moist ground, especially in somewhat saline soils, near the coast, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; 

 southern British Columbia to California. Type locality: near the Columbia River. May-Oct. This species has 

 been referred to T. Wormskjoldii Lehm. which is said to have come from Greenland and is of doubtful deter- 

 mination. 



40. Trifolium spinulosum Dougl. Mountain Clover. Fig. 2695. 



Trifolium spinulosum Dougl. ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 133. 1830. 



Plants glabrous and pallid green throughout, the stems decumbent at base, 10-30 cm. long. 

 Stipules lanceolate, acuminate, laciniate ; leaflets oblanceolate, 15-35 mm. long, acute and mu- 

 cronulate at apex, conspicuously spinulose-serrulate, prominently veined beneath ; involucre shal- 

 lowly and irregularly lobed, the lobes with usually 2 or 3 elongated subulate teeth ; calyx-teeth 

 aristate-subulate, longer than the tube ; corolla about 12 mm. long, the standard white, wings 

 and keel purple. 



Mountain streams and wet meadows, mainly Canadian Zone; British Columbia and Montana south to Colo- 

 rado and southern California, common in the Cascade Mountains and Sierra Nevada. Type locality: "Springs in 

 the valleys between Spokane and Kettle Falls." June-Aug. 



41. Trifolium appendiculatum Loja. Long-keeled Clover. Fig. 2696. 



Trifolium appendiculatum Loja, Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 181. 1883. 



Annual, glabrous, the stems erect or decumbent, 1-4 dm. long, somewhat fistulous or slender. 

 Stipules spreading, irregularly laciniate; leaflets obovate, 6-12 mm. long; involucres 7-8-lobed, 

 the lobes with 3-5 laciniate teeth ; heads 1-2 cm. broad ; calyx 6 mm. long, the teeth exceeding 

 the tube ; corolla 8-10 mm. long, purple, cream-tipped ; keel with a long-apiculate beak. 



Grassy slopes near the coast. Humid Transition Zone; Humboldt County, to Monterey, not common. Type 

 locality: "Coast fields," the definite locality not known. May— June. 



42. Trifolium oliganthum Steudel. Few-flowered Clover. Fig. 2697. 



Trifolium pauciflorum Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 319. 1838. Not Urv. 1822. 

 Trifolium oliganthum Steudel, Nom. ed. 2. 2: 707. 1841. 

 Trifolium filipes Greene, Pittonia 1 : 66. 1887. 



Annual, light green and glabrous, or nearly so, the stems 1-4 dm. high, erect, slender, 

 sparsely leafy with long internodes. Stipules narrow, acuminately few-toothed ; leaflets 1-2 cm. 

 long, linear to cuneate-oblong, acute, setate-serrate to entire; peduncles slender, 3-10 cm. long; 

 involucres flat, small, the divisions deeply laciniate; heads 3-15-flowered, 5-7 mm. high; calyx 

 10-nerved, 4-5 mm. long, the teeth scarcely equaling the tube, sometimes with small lateral teeth ; 

 corolla little exceeding the calyx, lavender, white-tipped, the keel purple ; pod 2-3-seeded. 



Open woods, mainly Transition Zone; British Columbia to central California. Type locality: near the mouth 

 of the Willamette River, Oregon. April-June. 



43. Trifolium trichocalyx Heller. Monterey Clover. Fig. 2698. 



Trifolium trichocalyx Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 55. 1904. 



Trifolium oliganthum var. trichocalyx McDermott, N. Amer. Trifol. 84. 1910. 



Annual with much branched, prostrate or decumbent stems, 4-30 cm. long, slender, glabrous 

 below, more or less pilose above. Stipules foliaceous, 4-6 mm. long, laciniate, leaflets obovate- 

 cuneate, 4-10 mm. long, truncate or retuse at apex, spinulose-denticulate, sparsely pilose; in- 

 volucres small, deeply laciniate-toothed ; calyx 7 mm. long, conspicuously pilose with spreading 

 white hairs, the teeth lanceolate-acuminate, exceeding the tube ; corolla scarcely equaling the 

 calyx-teeth, pale purple. 



Sandy pine forests, Humid Transition Zone; Monterey Peninsula, California. Type locality: sandy pine 

 woods about Pacific Grove, California. April-June. 



44. Trifolium melananthum Hook. & Arn. Dark-headed Clover. Fig. 2699. 



Trifolium melananthum Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey 331. 1836-38. 

 Trifolium variegatum var. melananthum Greene, Fl. Fran. 29. 1891. 

 Trifolium variegatum var. major Loja, Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 183. 1883. 



Stems often 2-4 dm. long. Leaflets oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, those of the middle 

 part of the stem 15-25 mm. long, finely serrulate ; peduncles 3-6 cm. long ; heads many-flowered, 

 calyx-lobes dark purple, subulate, longer than the tube ; corolla 8-9 mm. long, dark purple, the 

 standard tipped with white, rounded at the apex. 



Moist heavy soil, Transition and Upper Sonoran Zones; Willamette Valley, Oregon, to southern California, 

 most abundant in the valleys and foothills of the California Coast Ranges. Type locality: California. April-June. 



