PEA FAMILY 617 



neath or glabrous; peduncle very slender, 2.5-4 cm. long, 1-flowered or rarely 2-flowered; corolla 

 about 5 mm. long, white or purplish; pod 2.5-3 cm. long, glabrous, several-seeded. 



Open woods Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; southern Oregon southward through the Coast Ranges 

 to northern Lower California. Type locality: "Upper California." Probably Monterey or Santa Barbara. April- 

 June. 



Vicia exigua var. Hissei (S. Wats.) Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Calif. 296. 1901. (Vicia Hassei S. Wats. 

 Proc Amer. Acad. 25: 129. 1890.) Plants stouter, leaflets hnear-oblong, deeply notched at apex; flower 6-7 

 mm long Probably only a leaf-form of the species, about the same range as the species but less frequent. An- 

 other leaf-form, more plentiful in southern California and northern Lower California, has very narrowly linear, 

 acute leaflets. 



6. Vicia americana subsp. oregana (Nutt.) Abrams. American Vetch. 



Fig. 2931. 



Vicia oregana Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1 : 270. 1838. 



Vicia americana var. oregana A. Nels. in Coult. & Nels. Man. Bot. Rocky Mts. 301. 1909. 



Perennial, trailing or climbing, 6-10 dm. long, sparsely pubescent. Stipules semisagittate, 

 incisely toothed ; leaflets 8-16, oblong-elliptic to ovate-elliptic, rounded to somewhat emarginate 

 at apex, cuspidate and often with a few low serrations, 15-45 mm. long, thin and sparsely strigose 

 beneath, glabrate above ; peduncles shorter than the leaves ; raceme short, 2-7-flowered ; calyx- 

 teeth lanceolate; corolla purple; standard 15-18 mm. long; pod glabrous, 3-4 cm. long. 



Grassy slopes in open woods, Transition and Upper Sonoran Zones; British Columbia to southern California, 

 east to Idaho. Type locality: "Plains of the Oregon [Columbia River]." April-June. In the Rocky Mountain 

 region this subspecies intergrades with the eastern Vicia americana Muhl. which is glabrous. 



Vicia americana var. truncata (Nutt.) Brewer in Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 158. 1876. Leaves 

 oblong to linear-oblong, at least the upper truncate at the apex, the lower often narrower and acute. About the 

 same range as the preceding subspecies, and best considered as a leaf-form of it. 



Vicia americana var. linearis S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 11: 134. 1875. (Vicia linearis Greene, Fl. 

 Fran. 3. 1891.) Leaves all narrowly linear and acute or some of the uppermost truncate or emarginate. About 

 the same range as the two preceding in the Pacific States, and probably only a leaf-form; a pale, more pubescent 

 and stronger-veined form occurring east of the Cascade-Sierra Nevada Divide and extending eastward through 

 the Great Basin region is Vicia sparsifolia Nutt. 



7. Vicia californica Greene. California Vetch. Fig. 2932. 



Vicia californica Greene, Fl. Fran. 3. 1891. 



Vicia pumila Heller, Muhlenbergia 2: 88. 1905. 



Vicia Durbrowii Eastw. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 196. 1905. 



Perennial, the stems branching from the base, mostly spreading, rather stiff and zigzag, 2-3 

 dm. long, rarely climbing and taller, finely villous-pubescent. Leaflets 8-12, elliptic to cuneate- 

 obovate, 6-15 mm. long, truncate or blunt, and finely pectinate-denticulate at apex, or rarely 

 simply mucronate, firm, strongly veined and canescent with a rather dense villous tomentum; 

 stipules semisagittate, laciniate-toothed ; racemes 4-8-flowered; corolla deep purple, about 12-15 

 mm. long ; pods 2.5 cm. long, about 8 mm. wide, pubescent. 



Dry soils in open coniferous forests, Arid Transition Zone; southern Oregon to southern California. Type 

 locality: Calaveras County, California. April-June. Sierra Vetch. 



Vicia californica var. madrensis Jepson, Fl. Calif. 2: 386. 1936. "Leaflets strongly serrate above the 

 base." North Fork, Madera County, California. 



8. Vicia villosa Roth. Winter or Woolly Vetch. Fig. 2933. 



Vicia villosa Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 2: 182. 1789. 



Annual or biennial, in general habit resembling the preceding species, but villous throughout 

 with spreading, somewhat tangled hairs. Leaflets linear to oblong-linear, obtuse or acute, mucro- 

 nate; racemes one-sided, many-flowered, corolla violet-purple, 15 mm. long; pod broadly oblong, 

 oblique at each end, 4-6-seeded, glabrous. 



Roadsides and fields, naturalized from Europe; Washington to central California. April-July. Crimson 

 Vetch. 



9. Vicia Cracca L. Cow Vetch, Blue Vetch. Fig. 2934. 



Vicia Cracca L. Sp. PI. 735. 1753. 



Vicia semicinecta Greene, Erythea 3: 17. 1895. 



Perennial, finely pubescent or glabrate, the stems slender, climbing or trailing, 5-10 dm. long. 

 Leaves 4-7 cm. long ; stipules narrowly semisagittate, entire ; leaflets 8-24, linear to linear-oblong, 

 acute or obtuse, mucronate, 15-20 mm. long; racemes elongated, one-sided, densely flowered; 

 corolla violet, 9-12 mm. long ; pod glabrous, 18-24 mm. long. 



Sparingly naturalized in the Pacific States from Washington to northern California, also in the Rocky 

 Mountain and eastern states. Native of Eurasia. June-Aug. Bird Vetch. 



10. Vicia gigantea Hook. Giant Vetch. Fig. 2935. 



Vicia gigantea Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 157. 1839. 



Perennial, the stems stout, somewhat fistulous, sparingly pubescent, ascending or climbing, 

 6-10 dm. high, the whole plant turning dark when drying. Leaves 10-12 cm. long, leaflets ap- 

 proximate, 9-13 pairs, narrowly-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, rounded or obtuse at apex, 15-35 



