MALLOW FAMILY 109 



4. Malva sylvestris L. High Mallow. Fig. 3221. 



Malva sylvestris L. Sp. PI. 689. 1753. 



An erect or branching biennial herb 3-10 dm. high with stout stems and glabrous or sparsely- 

 pubescent herbage. Leaves suborbicular, cordate, shallowly 5-7-lobed, 3-10 cm. broad; petioles 

 2-20 cm. long, more densely pubescent than the stems or leaves ; stipules ovate-acuminate, 5-10 

 mm. long; flowers in axillary clusters; pedicels 1-2.5 cm. long, glabrous; bractlets oblong- 

 lanceolate, acute, 3-7 mm. long ; calyx 4-7 mm. long and pubescent at anthesis, the lobes accres- 

 cent, closely incurved over fruit at maturity; petals narrowly cuneate, deeply emarginate, 15-20 

 mm. long, deep mauve-purple, the claws villous-ciliate ; style-branches dark purple ; carpels 

 about 10, orbicular-reniform, 3-3.5 mm. high, rugose-reticulate on the back and sides, the angles 

 rounded. 



In waste places and along roadsides at scattered stations from Oregon to Quebec, south to central California, 

 Colorado, and North Dakota; also sparingly adventive in southern California, Mexico, and Florida. Type locality: 

 Europe. May-Oct. 



5. Malva rotundifolia L. Round-leaved Mallow, Fig. 3222. 



Malva rotundifolia L. Sp. PI. 688. 1753. 



A profusely branched procumbent annual with stellate-pubescent to glabrate herbage. Leaves 

 round-reniform, 3-6 cm. broad, very shallowly 5-7-lobed, the lobes rounded, crenate; petioles 

 5-10 cm. long, erect; flowers solitary or in few-flowered axillary clusters; pedicels 5-15 mm. 

 long; bractlets linear-lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long; calyx-lobes ovate, acute, 4-5 mm. long, slightly 

 accrescent; petals obovate, emarginate, 8-10 mm. long, pale lilac or whitish, the claws villous 

 on the margins; fruit discoid, the central axis broad; carpels 12-15, rounded, puberulent, smooth 

 or very inconspicuously reticulate on the back, the angles rounded. 



Roadsides and waste places, Washington east to Massachusetts, southward to central California and North 

 Carolina. Also known as a waif in Imperial County, California. Type locality: Europe. April-Nov. 



Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & Gray) A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. II 4: 16. 1849. Herbage hirsute; leaves 

 4—8 cm. broad, palmately divided into 3-7 irregularly incised or lobed divisions; flowers solitary in the axils 

 on slender peduncles 10-25 cm. long; involucellate bractlets 2-3, lance-linear, 10-15 mm. long; calyx deeply 

 cleft, the lobes lanceolate, 10-15 mm. long; petals rose-purple, 2-2.5 cm. long, broadly obovate; carpels 12-20, 

 about 3 mm. high, sparsely hirsute, strongly reticulate transversely on the backs, short-beaked. Locally abundant 

 but thought to be adventive near Medford, Jackson County, Oregon. 



10. LAVATERA L. Sp. PI. 690. 1753. 



Stout herbs or arborescent shrubs with large, long-petioled palmately lobed leaves, 

 caducous stipules, and showy axillary flowers. Involucel 2-3-lobed. Pedicels jointed 

 below the flowers. Calyx 5-lobed. Petals 5, obtuse to truncate or emarginate, short-clawed. 

 Ovary discoid. Carpels 5-12, beakless, 1-seeded, indehiscent. [Named for a Swiss physi- 

 cian, Lavater.] 



A genus of about 30 species growing near the coast in the Mediterranean region, Canary Islands, Australia, 

 central Asia, and on the islands off the coast of southern and Lower California. Type species, Lavatera arborea L. 



Shrubs; flowers 3.5-6 cm. broad; calyx tubular-campanulate, twice as high as broad at anthesis. 



1. L. assurgentifiora 



Herbs; flowers 2-2.5 cm. broad; calyx broadly cup-shaped, as broad as high at anthesis. 2. L. cretica. 



1, Lavatera assurgentifiora Kell. Malva Rosa. Fig. 3223. 



Lavatera assurgentifiora Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 1: 14. 1854. 

 Saviniona Clementina Greene. Leaflets Bot. Obs. 2: 160. 1911. 

 Saviniona reticulata Greene, op. cit. 161. 

 Saviniona dendroidea Greene, loc. cit. 

 Saviniona suspensa Greene, op. cit. 162. 

 Saviniona assurgentifiora Greene, op. cit. 163. 



Shrub 1-5 m. high with smooth bark and finely stellate-puberulent leaves and young branches. 

 Leaves thin, 4-20 cm. broad, palmately 5-7-lobed halfway to the petiole, the lobes ovate-deltoid, 

 coarsely dentate; petioles 8-12 cm. long; stipules 2-3 mm. long, triangular-subulate; flowers 

 1 to several in axils of the leaves; pedicels 3-5 cm. long, recurved-assurgent ; involucellate 

 bractlets united at the base, oblong-lanceolate, 7-10 mm. long ; calyx 10-18 mm, long, the lobes 

 deltoid-ovate, accrescent; petals 2.5^.5 cm. long, truncate to emarginate, rose with darker 

 veins, the claws pubescent at the base ; fruit depressed, glabrous to puberulent ; carpels 6 mm. 

 high, 1-seeded. 



Coastal slopes. Upper Sonoran Zone; on the islands oil the coast of southern California, naturalized and used 

 as windbreak along the mainland coast as far north as San Francisco. Type locality: Anacapa Island, California. 

 Aoril-Nov. 



Lavatera arborea L. Sp. PI. 690. 1753. A small shrub with densely stellate-pubescent herbage: erect pedi- 

 cels; deltoid-ovate involucellate bracts which exceed the calyx-lobes; smaller, darker violet-purple flowers; and 

 smaller, lightly reticulate carpels. Introduced from Europe and escaped at Pebble Beach near Pescadero, San 

 Mateo County, and at San Diego, California. 



2. Lavatera cretica L. Cretan Lavatera. Fig. 3224. 



Lavatera cretica L. Sp. PI. 690. 1753. 



Stout herbaceous annual or biennial with erect, ascendingly branched stems 0.6-1.5 m. 

 high. Leaves pentagonal, shallowly and obtusely 3-5-lobed, crenate, stellate-hirsutulous to 



