84 MALVACEAE 



2. Horsfordia Newberryi (S. Wats.) A. Gray. Newberry's Velvet-mallow. 



Fig. 3162. 



Abutilon Newberryi S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 11: 125. 1876. 

 Horsfordia Newberryi A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 22:297. 1887. 



Virgate shrub 1-2.5 m. high, densely tomentose throughout with velvety, pale gold, short- 

 rayed stellate hairs. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, shallowly cordate, 1-4 cm. broad, 3-10 cm. long, 

 entire or faintly serrulate, prominently veined beneath ; petioles 1-3 cm. long ; stipules minute, 

 caducous ; flowers solitary or in 2-3-flowered panicles ; pedicels and peduncles 3-20 mm. long ; 

 calyx 3-5 mm. long and broad, lobes ovate-acuminate ; petals 5-6 mm. long, yellow to orange ; 

 stamineal column hirsute with simple hairs; fruit 6-8 mm. high, 12-18 mm. in diameter; carpels 

 8-9, the wings ovate, acute to obtuse, slightly longer than seminiferous portion. 



Occasional along washes and on rocky hillsides, Lower Sonoran Zone; western borders of the Colorado 

 Desert to Arizona and south to Sonora and Lower California. Type locality: Canebrake Canyon on the lower 

 Colorado River. March. 



3. MODiOLA Moench, Meth. 619. 1794. 



Perennial herb. Leaves rounded, palmately lobed or divided. Flowers small, axillary. 

 Involucel present. Calyx S-cleft. Petals entire. Fruit depressed. Carpels 12-30, trans- 

 versely 2-celled, 2-seeded, longitudinally dehiscent into two subulately beaked valves, cris- 

 tate dorsally, the sides smooth or wrinkled below. Seeds small, reniform. [Name Latin, 

 modiolus, from the likeness of the fruit to a small Roman measure.] 



A monotypic genus of tropical and warm-temperature America. Naturalized in the Hawaiian Islands and 

 South Africa. Type species, Malva caroliniana L. 



1. Modiola caroliniana (L.) G. Don. Wheel Mallow. Fig. 3163. 



Malva caroliniana L. Sp. PI. 688. 1753. 



Modiola tnultifida Moench, Meth. 620. 1794. 



Modiola caroliniana G. Don, Gen. Hist. PI. 1: 466. 1831. 



Prostrate to ascending, perennial herb with slender, leafy stems, 2-5 dm. long, sparsely 

 pubescent throughout with appressed simple and geminate hairs. Leaves orbicular to ovate- 

 triangular, 1-5 cm. broad, palmately 3-5-lobed or cleft, the divisions dentate to incised; petioles 

 1.5-10 cm. long, hirsute; flowers axillary, solitary on pedicels 10-15 mm. long; bractlets distinct, 

 ovate, 4-5 mm. long ; calyx-lobes ovate-acuminate, 3-5 mm. long, hirsute ; petals obovate, 4-6 mm. 

 long, vermilion ; carpels 3-4 mm. high, black, cristate, sides striate on lower half, smooth above, 

 transversely wrinkled dorsally. 



Roadsides and low ground, Virginia to Florida, west to Texas, and in Central and South America; nat- 

 uralized in California, Oregon, and the Hawaiian Islands. Type locality: "Carolina." June-Sept. 



4. ILIAMNA Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1 : 206. 1906. 



Perennial, sparsely pubescent shrubs 0.6-2 m. tall with large, aceriform, thin leaves. 

 Inflorescence of axillary clusters, becoming lax, interruptedly spicate or corymbose-race- 

 mose. Involucellate bractlets 3, distinct, persistent. Flowers large, pink to rose-purple 

 or rarely white. Stamineal column stout, hirsute. Stamens numerous, in a single series. 

 Fruit subglobose, retuse at the apex. Carpvels oblong, thin-walled, smooth laterally, densely 

 pubescent dorsally with coarse, erect simple hairs and smaller intermingled stellate hairs, 

 dehiscent, attached to receptacle by a stout vascular strand. Seeds reniform, 2-4 in each 

 carpel. Embryo curved, cotyledons conduplicate at the apices. Endosperm scanty. [The 

 name is of Greek origin, but its significance is uncertain.] 



A Kenus of 7 species, chieflv in the monntains of western North America from British Columbia to Arizona; 

 /. remota occurs in Illinois and western Virginia. Type species, Malva rivularis Dougl. 



Leaves deeply 5-lobed, truncate or cordate at the base, 6-20 cm. long; plants 1-2 m. high. 



Bracts of involucel linear, one-half to two-thirds as long as the calyx-lobes; stellate pubescence fine, rarely 

 overlapping. 



Calyx-lobes 6-8 mm. long, acute; herbage sparsely stellate-puberulent; seeds puberulent. 



1. /. rivularis. 

 Calyx-lobes 15-20 mm. long, attenuate-acuminate; herbage pubescent with both stellate and simple hairs; 

 seeds glabrous. 2. /. longisepala. 



Bracts of involucel ovate, equaling or exceeding calyx-lobes; stellate-pubescence coarse, overlapping, sub- 

 scabrous. 3. /. latibracteata. 

 Leaves cuneate-obovate, shallowly crenately 3-lobed, 1-4 cm. long; plants 3-7 dm. high. 4. /. Bakeri. 



L Iliamna rivularis Torr. Stream-bank Globe-mallow. Fig. 3164. 



Malva rivularis Dougl. ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 107. 1830. 



Sphaeralcea acerifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1 : 228. 1838. 



Sphaeratcea rivularis Torr. ex A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. II. 4: 23. 1849. 



Iliamna rivularis Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1 : 206. 1906. 



Iliamna acerifolia Greene, loc. cit. 



Phymosia acerifolia Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 40: 60. 1913. 



Phymosia rivularis Rydb. loc. cit. 



Erect paniculately branching perennial 1-2 m. high, sparsely pubescent throughout with short- 



