CROWBERRY FAMILY 45 



5. Callitriche longipedunculata Morong, Long-stalked Water-starwort. 



Fig. 3067. 



Callitriche longipedunculata Morong, Bull. Torrey Club 18:236. 1891. 



Callitriche marginata var. longipedunculata Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 603. 1925. 



Stems very slender and thread-like, forming mats. Leaves all spatulate or oblanceolate, 3-8 

 mm. long, rounded at the apex, the blade 3-nerved, the lateral nerves uniting near the apex ; 

 bracts present ; peduncles very slender, becoming 10-30 mm. long in fruit, frequently 2 or 3 from 

 the same axil ; fruit thick, nearly orbicular, 1 mm. or less in length, a little broader than long, 

 minutely emarginate at apex, the lobes divergent with a deep intervening groove, with or without 

 a narrow wing. 



Growing in the bottom of desiccated winter pools, mainly Upper Sonoran Zone; Sierra Nevada foothills, 

 south to San Diego County, California. Type locality: on mesas, San Diego, California. March-May. 



Family 81. BUXACEAE. 



Box Family. 



Monoecious or dioecious trees, shrubs or perennial herbs, with watery sap. 

 Leaves mostly evergreen, alternate or opposite, simple. Flowers solitary or clus- 

 tered, regular, bracted. Calyx present or none. Petals none. Staminate flowers 

 with 4—7 stamens, sometimes with a rudimentary pistil. Pistillate flowers with mostly 

 3-celled (2-4-celled) ovary, with 1 or 2 anatropous ovules in each cell; styles as 

 many as the ovary cells, simple. Fruit a capsule or drupe; endosperm fleshy or 

 scanty ; embryo straight. 



A family of 7 genera and about 30 species, only the following, Pachysandra and Buxus, in North America. 



1. SIMMONDSIA Nutt. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 : 401. pL 16. 1844. 



Monoecious shrubs, with opposite, entire, evergreen leaves. Flowers on short axillary 

 peduncles, the pistillate solitary, the staminate in capitate clusters. Sepals 4-6, usually 5. 

 Stamens 10-12. Ovary 2-3-celled; styles of the same number as the ovary cells; ovules 1 

 or 2 in each cell. Fruit a capsule, with a firm wall, partly enclosed by the persistent sepals. 

 [Name in honor of F. W. Simmonds, English botanist and naturalist.] 



A monotypic genus of the arid southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico. 



1. Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider. Jojoba or Goat-nut. Fig. 3068. 



Buxus chinensis Link, Enum. Hort. Ber. 2: 386. 1822. 



Simmondsia calif ornica Nutt. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3: 401. pi. 16. 1844. 



Simmondsia chinensis Schneider, Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 141. 1907. 



Shrub, 1-2.5 m. high, the branches rigid, the branchlets and peduncles pubescent. Leaves 

 oblong-elliptic to ovate, 2-4 cm. long, leathery, dull green and somewhat canescently puberulent ; 

 sepals of the staminate flowers 3-4 mm. long, those of the pistillate 10-12 mm. long; capsule 

 nut-like, oblong-ovoid, 15-20 mm. long. 



Dry bushy hills and mesas, Lower Sonoran Zone; southwestern San Diego County, California, south to 

 central Lower California and east to southern Arizona and adjacent Sonora. Type locality: erroneously attributed 

 to China in the original description. Feb.-May. 



Family 82. EMPETRACEAE. 

 Crowberry Family. 



Low evergreen, heath-like shrubs, with small slender narrow leaves, jointed to 

 short pulvini, the margins revolute. Flowers dioecious or rarely polygamous, axil- 

 lary or terminal. Sepals 3. Petals 2 or 3, or none. Staminate flowers with 2-4 

 stamens, with filiform filaments and 2-celled anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits. 

 Ovary of the pistillate flowers 2- to several-celled ; style cleft into as many lobes as 

 there are ovary cells ; ovules 1 in each cell, amphitropous. Fruit a berry, containing 

 2 to several 1 -seeded nutlets. Endosperm copious ; embryo straight. 



A family of 3 genera and 4 or 5 species, natives of the colder parts of the northern hemisphere and South 

 America. 



1. EMPETRUM Dumort. Fl. Belg. 106. 1827. 



Prostrate or spreading, freely branching half-shrubs, the stems largely herbaceous, 

 densely leafy. Flowers inconspicuous, solitary in the upper axils. Sepals and petals 

 usually 3. Staminate flowers with 3 stamens; anthers introrse. Ovary of the pistillate 



