SPURGE FAMILY 31 



Stem-leaves entire (or crenulate) ; glands horned (except lacerate or crenate in E. incisa) ; seeds not macro- 

 scopically reticulate though often mottled or rugulose. 

 Umbel-rays 3-5; stem-leaves not linear, 1-2 cm. long; without sterile leafy branches. 



Carpels bicarinate on back; seeds with longitudinal grooves and rows of pits; staminate pedicels 



1-1.5 mm. long; annual. 6. E. Peplus. 



Carpels not carinate; seeds without regular pits or grooves; staminate pedicels 2 mm. or more 

 long; perennial except E. crenulata. 



Uppermost floral leaves connate; horns longer than gland; annual or biennial. 



Floral leaves all distinct; horns shorter than gland; perennial. 



Stem-leaves ovate-elliptical to broadly oblanceolate, epidermis not papillate; stems mostly 

 slender (about 1.5 mm. thick), mostly numerous and sinuous; glands irregularly 

 toothed all along the margin, without horns exceeding the teeth. 



8. E. incisa. 

 Stem-leaves mostly oblong to suborbicular, epidermis usually papillate; stems stouter few 



mostly straight; glands with short horns, the margin between crenulate. ' ' 



9. E. Palmeri. 

 Umbel-rays 7-20; stem-leaves narrowly linear, or, if broader, 3-6 cm. long; often with sterile leafy 



branches. 



Umbel-rays 7-12; stem-leaves 3-6 cm. long; seeds 2.5 mm. long. 10. E. Esula. 



Umbel-rays 15-20; stem-leaves 1-2 cm. long; seeds 2 mm. long. 11. £. Cyparissias. 



IV. Chamaesyce. 



Ovary, capsule, and usually the herbage, glabrous; leaves often serrulate. 



Stipules united into a white glabrous membranous scale. 16. E. albomarginata. 



Stipules distinct or at least not forming a membranous scale. 



Styles entire, about as long as the capsule; appendages and involucral lobes deeply cut. 



23. E. H cover i. 

 Styles bifid, shorter than the capsule; appendages (when present) and involucral lobes not notably cut. 



Glands circular or radially elongated, without appendages, herbage glabrous; leaves entire. 

 Capsule 2-3 mm. long; leaves often over 7 mm. long. 



Seeds virtually flat on the face; capsule about 3 mm. long, longer than broad. 



12. E. platysperma. 

 Seeds ovoid; capsule 2-2.3 mm. long, broader than long. 13. E. ocellata. 



Capsule 1.2-1.7 mm. long; leaves 2-7 mm. long. 



Perennial; staminate flowers 40-50. 17. E. Parishii. 



Annual; staminate flowers 2-5. 19. E. micromera. 



Glands transversely elongated, appendages present; leaves sometimes serrulate. 



Seeds with regular definite transverse ridges, these usually passing through the angles. 



Seeds radially oblong-ovate to oblong; capsule widest at the middle; at least the stems 



often pubescent. 20. E. Abramsiana. 



Seeds radially ovate; capsule widest below the middle; herbage glabrous. 



21. E. glyptosperma. 

 Seeds smooth to faintly or even strongly wrinkled but never with regular transverse ridges. 



Capsule less than 2 mm. long. 



Leaves usually serrulate; hairs, if present, weak and curly; annual. 



22. E. scrpyllifolia. 

 Leaves always entire; perennial though blooming the first year; hairs, if present, 



short and straight. 18. E. poly car pa. 



Capsule at least 2 mm. long. 



Leaves entire; herbage glabrous. 



Leaves linear, equilateral; annual. 14. E. Parryi. 



Leaves broad, markedly inequilateral; perennial. 15. E. Fendlcri. 



Leaves serrate; herbage with some hairs, especially on the young stems. 



24. E. maculata. 

 Ovary, capsule, and herbage hairy; leaves entire except E. serpyllifolia var. hirtula and E. supina. 



Involucres urceolate (strongly contracted above). 



Appendages entire or crenate; hairs mostly clavate; perennial. 25. E. arisonica. 



Appendages deeply parted into a few attenuate segments; hairs tapering; annual. 



26. E. sctiloha. 

 Involucres campanulate to obconical. 



Herbage with short, straight, spreading hairs. 



Capsule 2-2.3 mm. long, broader than long; staminate flowers 40-60. 13a. E. ocellata^ 



Rattanii. 

 Capsule 1.1-1.4 mm. long, no broader than long; staminate flowers 2-32. 



Plant perennial but blooming the first year; appendages usually evident, glands transversely 

 oblong; staminate flowers 15-32. 18a. £. polycarpa 



hirtella. 

 Plant annual; appendages absent or rudimentary; glands usually circu'nr; <;t-minate flowers 

 2-5. 19. E. micromera. 



Herbage with curly, matted, or appressed hairs. 



Seeds scarcely angled, slenderly ovoid, encircled by 4-S rounded ridges. 27. E. pediculifera. 



Seeds quadrangular, variously smooth to slightly but irregularly wrinkled. 

 Leaves entire; plants perennial. 



Appendages glabrous. 28. E. melanadcnia. 



Appendages with short spreading hairs beneath and on the margins. 



29. E. vallis-mortae. 

 Leaves serrulate; plants annual. 



Capsule sparsely villous; seeds irregularly wrinkled; staminate flowers 10-15. 



22a. E. serpyllifolia 

 hirtula. 

 Capsule strigose; seeds with low rounded transverse ridges; staminate flowers 2-5. 



30. E. supina. 



