120 TAMARICACEAE 



Frankenia grandifoHa var. campestris A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. li:208. 1895. More compactly 

 branched and tufted, 1-4 dm. high. Leaves narrowly oblanceolate to linear-spatulate, strongly revolute, 4-8 mm. 

 long, pale green; petals smaller, exserted 1-2 mm. beyond calyx, pale rose or white. Moist alkaline soils of the 

 interior valleys, Sonoran Zones; Sacramento Valley to Inyo and Riverside Counties, California, and southern 

 Nevada. Type locality: plains near San Jacinto, Riverside County, California. 



Frankenia pulverulenta L. Sp. PI. 332. 1753. Stems much branched, spreading, herbaceous, slender, 

 10-25 cm. long. Leaves broadly ovate to broadly spatulate, rounded at the apex, scarcely revolute, 3-5 mm. 

 long, scurf y-puberulent beneath; calyx-tube 2.5 mm. long, grooved; petals little exceeding the calyx, rose. Ad- 

 ventive from southern Europe, ballast, Portland, Oregon. 



2. Frankenia Palmeri S. Wats. Palmer's Frankenia or Yerba Reuma. 



Fig. 3245. 



Frankenia Palmeri S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 11: 124. 1876. 



Low shrub with slender spreading or creeping branches, 1-3 dm. high, the branchlets short 

 and divaricate. Leaves numerous, fascicled, strongly revolute, appearing nearly terete, 2-4 mm. 

 long, canescent with a short papillose pubescence; calyx-tube 3 mm. long; petals linear, 1.5 mm. 

 long, white or tinged with pink ; stamens 4 ; style 2-cleft ; seeds 1-3. 



Salt marshes, Lower Sonoran Zone; San Diego, California, south to Lower California. Type locality: 

 "Lower California, on the gulf side." May-Aug. 



Family 97. TAMARICACEAE. 



Tamarisk Family. 



Shrubs or suffrutescent plants, rarely small trees or perennial herbs. Leaves al- 

 ternate, small and usually scale-like, entire. Stipules none. Flowers usually in race- 

 mose spikes or solitary and terminal or axillary. Sepals 4—5, distinct, or united at 

 base. Petals 4-5, inserted under the edge of the hypogynous disk, distinct. Stamens 

 4 to many, borne on the disk. Ovary superior, 1 -celled with 3-5 parietal placentae. 

 Styles 3-5. Ovules anatropous, few to many. Fruit a capsule, dehiscent by valves, 

 coriaceous. Seeds erect, often beaked and bearing long plumose hairs; endosperm 

 present or none. 



A family of 4 genera and about 100 species, native of the Old World. 



1. tAMARIX L. Sp. PL 270. 1753. 



Shrubs or small trees, with minute scale-like evergreen or deciduous leaves. Flowers 

 white or rose, minute, borne profusely in spikes or dense racemes on lateral branchlets. 

 Sepals and petals usually 4 or 5, rarely 6. Stamens 5 or 10, rarely 4 or 12, distinct or the 

 filaments connate at base. Ovary and capsule attenuate at apex. Seeds many, bearing 

 long plumose hairs; endosperm none. [Name from Tamaris, a river in Spain.] 



A genus of about 80 species, inhabiting Europe, Asia, and Africa. Type species, Tamarix gallica L. 

 Flowers 4-merous; racemes lateral on last year's branchlets. 1. T. parvifiora. 



Flowers 5-merous; racemes in usually large terminal panicles, rarely a few scattered laterally on the branchlets 

 of the season. 2. T. pcntandra. 



1. Tamarix parvifiora DC. Small-flowered Tamarisk. Fig. 3246. 



Tamarix parvifiora DC. Prod. 3:97. 1828. 



Shrub or small tree, 2-3 m. high, densely branching with slender arching branchlets. Leaves 

 scale-like, ovate, acuminate, about 1 . 5-2 mm. long, green, deciduous ; the densely flowered 

 slender racemes 2-3 cm. long, lateral on last year's branches ; flowers 1-2 mm. long, appearing 

 before the leaves, the subtending bracts about as long or a little surpassing the pedicels ; petals 

 4, spreading ; sepals 4, rarely 3 ; styles 3, less than one-half the length of the ovary ; capsule 3-4 

 mm. long. 



Widely cultivated in California and well established as an escape from Lake County south to southern 

 California. Native of southeastern Europe and central Asia. April-May. This and the next are confused fre- 

 quently with the French Tamarisk, Tamarix galhca L. 



2. Tamarix pentandra Pall. Five-stamened Tamarisk. Fig. 3247. 



Tamarix pentandra Pall. Fl. Ross. 1^: 72. 1788. 

 Tamarix Pallasii Desv. Ann. Sci. Nat. 4: 349. 1825. 



Shrub or becoming a small tree in age, with glabrous often purplish branches. Leaves lance- 

 olate to ovate-lanceolate, scale-like, pale glaucous-green; racemes arranged in large panicles 

 terminating the branches, or rarely a few racemes scattered along the branches of the season, 

 densely flowered, 2-4 cm. long ; bracts ovate to lanceolate, about as long as or slightly exceeding 

 the pedicels; flowers pink, petals 5, narrowly elliptic-oblong, barely 2 mm. long; disk S-lobed 

 the lobes emarginate ; styles usually 3. 



A native of western Asia and southeastern Europe frequently cultivated in southern California, Nevada, 

 and Arizona; and often growing spontaneously in the interior and desert regions. March-April. 



Tamarix articulata Vahl. Symb. Bot. 2:48. pi. 32. 1791. Athel or Tamarisk Salt Tree. Tree with a 



